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Medical Terminology > Ch 4. Human Body In Health and Disease > Flashcards

Ch 4. Human Body In Health and Disease Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Anatomy

A

The process of cutting up

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2
Q

Physiology

A

Study of nature

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3
Q

Building blocks of body from low>high

A

Atom,molecule,organelle,cell,tissue,organ,organ system, organism

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4
Q

Abdomin/o

A

Abdomen

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5
Q

Anter/o

A

Front

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6
Q

Brachi/o

A

Arm

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7
Q

Cardi/o

A

Heart

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8
Q

Caud/o

A

Tail

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9
Q

Cephal/o

A

Head

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10
Q

Cervic/o

A

Neck

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11
Q

Chondr/i

A

Gristle/cartilage

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12
Q

Cran/o, crani/o

A

Skull

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13
Q

Cyt/o

A

Cell

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14
Q

Dist/o

A

Distant

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15
Q

dors/o

A

Back

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16
Q

Femor/o

A

Thigh,femur

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17
Q

Gastr/o

A

Stomach

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18
Q

Glute/o

A

Buttock

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19
Q

Hom/o, home/o

A

Same

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20
Q

ili/o

A

Flank,hip,groin

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21
Q

Infer/o

A

Below

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22
Q

inguin/o

A

Groin

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23
Q

Later/o

A

Side

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24
Q

Lumb/o

A

Loin,lower back

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25
Q

Medi/o

A

Middle

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26
Q

Organ/o

A

Tool

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27
Q

Pelv/o

A

Bowl,basin

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28
Q

Physi/o

A

Nature

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29
Q

Pleur/o

A

Pleura,rib

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30
Q

Poster/o

A

Back

31
Q

Proxim/o

A

Near

32
Q

Super/o

A

Above

33
Q

Thorac/o

A

Chest,thorax

34
Q

Tom/o

A

To cut

35
Q

Umbilic/o

A

Navel,umbilicus

36
Q

Ventr/o

A

Belly

37
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

Organs: arteries and veins

Function: transport nutrients

38
Q

Lymphatic

A

Organs: tonsils,thymus,spleen, lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels

Function: remove unwanted substance and recycle fluid to the blood

39
Q

Respiratory system

A

Organs:pharynx,nose,trachea,larynx,bronchi,lungs

Function: exchange has b/t environment and blood

40
Q

Digestive system

A

Organs: mouth,pharynx,salivary glands, esophagus, liver,stomach,pancreas,gallbladder,colon,small intestine

Function:prepare food for absorption into the bloodstream and eliminate solid waste from body

41
Q

Urinary system

A

Organs: kidneys,ureters, bladder, urethra

Function: remove nitrogenous wastes and excess water and salt from bloodstream

42
Q

Female reproductive system

A

Organs: mammary glands, Fallopian tubes, uterus, ovary, Vagina

Function: provide for creation of new indv.

43
Q

Male reproductive system

A

Organs: vas deferents, testis, prostate, urethra, penis

Function: provide for creation of new indv.

44
Q

Nervous system

A

Organs: Brian, spinal cord, nerves

Function:control homeostasis, process information and initiate body responses

45
Q

Endocrine system

A

Organs: pituitary gland, thymus, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, pancreas, ovary,testis

Function: control homeostasis by releasing hormones into the bloodstream

46
Q

Musculoskeletal

A

Organs: bone, muscle, joint, tendon

47
Q

Integumentary

A

Organ: hair, skin, nails

Function: protect body from fluid loss,injury and infection

48
Q

Anatomical position

A

Erect posture, face forward, arms at side, palms facing forward, legs together, feet pointing forward

Directional terms always in relation to anatomical position

49
Q

-ior or -al

A

Pertaining to

50
Q

Superior,Super/ior

A

Toward the head or upper part of body

51
Q

Inferior,Infer/ior

A

Away from the head or toward the lower part of body

52
Q

Anterior,Anter/ ior (ventral)

A

Toward the front or belly side

53
Q

Posterior,Poster/ior (dorsal)

A

Toward the back

54
Q

Medial, medi/al

A

Toward the midline

55
Q

Lateral, later/al

A

Toward the side

56
Q

Superficial, super/ficial

A

External, toward the body surface

57
Q

Proximal, proxim/al

A

toward the origin of attachment to the trunk

58
Q

Distal, dist/al

A

Away from the origin of attachment to the trunk

59
Q

Coronal or frontal plane

A

Verticle plane passing through side to side, dividing into anterior and posterior

60
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Vertical plane dividing the body into left and right portions

61
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides the body into superior and inferior portions

62
Q

RUQ,LUQ,RLQ,LLQ

A

Right and left, lower and upper quadrants

63
Q

Viscera

A

Cavities’ internal contents

64
Q

Dorsal cavity

A

Cranial and spinal cavities

65
Q

Central cavity

A

Thoracic cavity- superior to diaphragm

Abdominopelvic cavity-inferior to diaphragm

66
Q

Pericardial cavity (thoracic cavity)

A

Cavities containing the heart

Pleural cavities-pertaining to the ribs

67
Q

Mediastinum (thoracic cavity)

A

Heart, large blood vessels and thymus gland

68
Q

Abdominal cavity

A

Liver,stomach,pancreas,spleen, most small and large intestine

69
Q

Pelvis cavity

A

Bladder,reproductive organs

70
Q

Etiology

A

The cause of a disease

71
Q

CT (CAT) SCAN

A

Computed tomography scanning- Multiple x rays and computer enchanters for a 3D image

72
Q

PET SCAN

A

Position emission tomography- detects journey of radioactive substance, detects areas of high metabolism (tumors)

73
Q

MRI

A

Magnetic resonance imaging- 3D image, magnets respond to hydrogen atoms

74
Q

Ultrasound imaging (sonography)

A

Pulsating sound waves, can detect different densities

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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