Ch 4 Ergonomics

Question 1

Term currently used to describe occupational injury

Answer 1

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs)

Question 2

Inflammation of the tendon and the sheath around the tendon often occurs together

Answer 2

tendinitis and tenosynovitis

Question 3

Specific type of tendinitis involving the thumb; can result from gripping the transducer

Answer 3

de Quervain’s disease

Question 4

The science of designing a job to fit the individual worker

Answer 4

ergonomics

Question 5

Entrapment of the median nerve as it runs through the carpal bone of the wrist; result from repeated flexion and extension of the wrist and from mechanical pressure against the wrist

Answer 5

carpel tunnel

Question 6

Inflammation of the periosteum in the area of the insertion of the biceps tendon into the distal humerus; can result from repeated twisting of the forearm

Answer 6

epicondylitis (lateral and medial

Question 7

Nerve entrapment can occur at different levels, resulting in a variety of symptoms

Answer 7

thoracic outlet syndrome

Question 8

Federal Law that ensures that every working man and woman in the united states has safe and healthful working conditions

Answer 8

Occupational Safety and Health Act

Question 9

Inflammation and swelling of the tendon sheath in a finger, entrapping the tendon and restricting motion of the finger

Answer 9

trigger finger

Question 10

Inflammation of the shoulder bursa from repeated motion

Answer 10

bursitis (shoulder)

Question 11

Repeated motion resulting in fraying of the rotator cuff muscle tendons; this injury increases with age and is even more prevalent when work-related stresses are added

Answer 11

rotator cuff injury

Question 12

Intervertebral disk degeneration resulting from bending and twisting and improper seating

Answer 12

spinal degeneration

Question 13

Entrapment of the ulnar nerve as it runs through the elbow; can result from repeated twisting of the forearm and mechanical pressure against the elbow when it is rested on the examination table during scanning

Answer 13

cubital tunnel

Question 14

List the risk factors that may lead to musculoskeletal injury for sonographers

Answer 14

forceful exertions, awkward postures, prolonged static postures, repetitive motion” pinch” grip, and exposure to environmental factors such as extreme heat, cold, humidity, or vibrations

Question 15

Explain how accumulated exposure to one or more risk factors interferes with muscles and joints

Answer 15

Exposure to one or more of these risk factors over tome leads to injury, because repeated exposure interferes with the ability of the body to recover WRMSD’s cause pain, inflammation, swelling, deterioration of tendons and ligaments, and spinal degeneration. Muscles and joints are further stressed once their support structure are weakened