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Intro to sonography > Ch 3 Quiz > Flashcards

Ch 3 Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

The most common arrhythmias are:

a. Supraventricular tachycardia
b. Tachycardia and bradycardia
c. Heart block
d. Asystole

A

ANS: B

Tachycardia and bradycardia are the most common cardiac arrhythmias

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2
Q

The normal amount of oxygen in the blood is:

a. 90%
b. 85%
c. 80%
d. 75%

A

ANS: A

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3
Q

At rest, how many breaths per minute is the normal adult respiratory rate?

a. 5 to 8
b. 8 to 10
c. 15 to 20
d. 25 to 30

A

ANS: C

In an adult at rest, respiration occurs at a rate of 15 to 20 breaths per minute.

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4
Q

A shortness of breath or the feeling of not getting enough air, which may leave a person gasping, is called:

a. Apnea
b. Wheezing
c. Hyperventilation
d. Dyspnea

A

D

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5
Q

Which one of the following statements is false regarding the protocol for taking a blood pressure?

a. If the patient is sitting, be sure he or she has both feet in the air.
b. The brachial artery in the upper arm is the usual site for manually taking a blood pressure.
c. Move any clothing out of the way to place the blood pressure cuff properly.
d. Place the cuff above the elbow, making sure it is approximately an inch above the elbow.

A

ANS: A

When taking a blood pressure with the patient sitting, ensure that he or she has both feet on the floor.

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6
Q

Which one of the following statements is false regarding the nasogastric (NG) tube?

a. Never pull on the tube when moving the patient.
b. Check for leaks in both the NG tube and suction equipment. If found, report them immediately.
c. Raise or open the drainage bottle as necessary.
d. Never disconnect the tubing.

A

ANS: C

When a patient with a NG tube comes to the ultrasound department, the drainage bottle should never be raised or opened

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7
Q

The basic principles of body mechanics require all the following except:

a. Maintain a stable center of gravity by keeping your center of gravity low and your back straight and bending your hips and knees.
b. Maintain a strong base of support by keeping your feet apart, placing one foot slightly ahead of the other with the toes pointing in the direction of activity.
c. When lifting, flex your hips to absorb jolts, and turn with your feet instead of your knees.
d. Maintain a center of gravity by keeping your back straight and any objects being lifted close to your body.

A

ANS: C
When lifting an object, maintain a strong base of support, flex your knees to absorb jolts, and turn with your feet instead of your hips.

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8
Q

Which one of the following statements is incorrect regarding hand washing?

a. Wash your hands after touching blood, body fluids, or contaminated items—only when gloves are not worn.
b. Wash your hands after removing gloves, between patient contacts, and whenever indicated to avoid the transfer of microorganisms to other patients or the environment.
c. Washing your hands between tasks and procedures on the same patient may be necessary to prevent cross-contamination of different body sites.
d. Use plain soap for routine hand washing and an antimicrobial agent or waterless agent for specific situations (e.g., to control outbreaks, for hyperendemic infections).

A

ANS: A

Wash your hands after touching blood, body fluids, or contaminated items—whether or not gloves are worn.

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9
Q

Examples of airborne transmission include all the following except:

a. Tuberculosis
b. Measles
c. Chicken pox
d. Mumps

A

ANS: D
Mumps is spread via droplet transmission. Some diseases that are spread by airborne transmission include tuberculosis, measles, chicken pox, and shingles.

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10
Q

. Examples of contact transmission include all of the following except:

a. Flu
b. Pertussis
c. Impetigo
d. Scabies

A

ANS: B
Pertussis is spread via droplet transmission. Flu, impetigo, scabies, methicillin-resistant Streptococcus aureus (MRSA), pinkeye, wound infections, and hepatitis A are spread through contact

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11
Q

According to the National Institutes of Health, hypertension is defined as a blood pressure greater than (in mm Hg):

a. 120/80
b. 135/75
c. 140/90
d. 150/100

A

ANS: C

According to the National Institutes of Health, hypertension is defined as a blood pressure greater than 140/90 mm Hg.

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12
Q

Vital signs include all of the following except:

a. Blood pressure
b. Pulse rate
c. Hematuria
d. Respiratory rate

A

ANS: C

Vital signs include pulse, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and body temperature.

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13
Q

How many beats per minute (bpm) is the normal adult pulse rate?

a. 30 to 50
b. 50 to 75
c. 60 to 80
d. 80 to 100

A

ANS: C
Normal adult pulse rates should be between 60 to 80 bpm with a regular beat. (Note: Box 3-1 states the normal pulse rate ranges from 60 to 100 bpm.)

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14
Q

Breathing that stops spontaneously for any reason is called:

a. Apnea
b. Asthma
c. Dyspnea
d. Cyanosis

A

ANS: A
Breathing that stops spontaneously for any reason is called apnea. It may be temporary, starting and stopping at intervals, or prolonged

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15
Q

An intravenous (IV) fluid container should always be ________ centimeters above the level of the patient’s vein?

a. 5 to 8
b. 8 to 12
c. 18 to 20
d. 25 to 30

A

cAn IV fluid container should always be 18 to 20 cm above the level of the patient’s vein? An IV container too high may cause too rapid a flow rate, and fluid may infiltrate into the surrounding tissues. An IV container too low may cause blood to flow back in the tubing, causing a clot to form or the fluid to stop flowing.

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16
Q

When transferring catheterized patients, the urine-collecting bag must be:

a. Attached to the wheelchair or gurney
b. Held below the level of the patient’s bladder
c. Emptied before starting the ultrasound examination
d. Analyzed for bacterial infection

A

B
When transferring catheterized patients, the urine-collecting bag must be held below the level of the patient’s bladder. This level will prevent urine in the bag from being siphoned into the bladder

17
Q

Which one of the following is a special safety precaution for oxygen therapy?

a. Smoking where oxygen is used is allowed.
b. An oxygen cylinder can be placed next to a patient during transport.
c. Electrical equipment may be placed next to an oxygen cylinder.
d. The tank is secured in the upright position away from any heat source.

A

ANS: D
Securing the tank in the upright position away from any heat source, including electrical equipment, is a special safety precaution for oxygen therapy. Not allowing smoking where oxygen is being used and not placing an oxygen cylinder beside a patient when transporting him or her by stretcher are additional special safety precautions

18
Q 
An artificial opening in the abdominal wall surrounded by a ring of mucosal tissue is calle
d a(n):
a.	Ostomy
b.	Stoma
c.	Catheter
d.	Annula
A

ANS: B
An artificial opening in the abdominal wall is called a stoma. A stoma appears as a round hole surrounded by a ring of mucosal tissue. This opening may be temporary or permanent, depending of the patient’s condition.

19
Q

Lifting an object should be done using the muscles of the:

a. Back
b. Leg
c. Feet
d. Shoulder

A

ANS: B

Lifting a box or patient should be done using the strong muscles of the legs.

20
Q

When transferring a patient from a wheelchair to the examination table, you should:

a. Bend at the knees and hips.
b. Bend the back and hips.
c. Bend only the knees.
d. Bend the knees and back.

A

ANS: A

When transferring a patient from a wheelchair to the examination table, you should bend at the knees and hips.

21
Q

Infectious materials include all of the following except:

a. Blood
b. Intact skin
c. Synovial fluid
d. Cerebrospinal fluid

A

ANS: B
Infectious materials include blood, synovial fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, semen, vaginal secretions, pericardial and pleural fluids, saliva in dental procedures, and unfixed human tissue or organs.

22
Q

The basic infection control guidelines used to reduce the risks of spreading infection are called:

a. Infection precautions
b. Standard precautions
c. Environmental controls
d. Patient-focused precautions

A

ANS: B
Standard precautions are the basic infection-control guidelines used to reduce the risks of infection spread through droplets, air, and contact

23
Q

Examples of droplet transmission include all of the following except:

a. Mumps
b. Pneumonia
c. Strep throat
d. Chicken pox

A

ANS: D
Disease spread through droplet transmission includes mumps, measles, pertussis, pneumonia, strep throat, and specific forms of meningitis. Chicken pox is transferred via the air

24
Q

Which one of the following personal protective equipment (PPE) is applied last?

a. Mask
b. Gown
c. Gloves
d. Shoe covers

A

C Gloves

25
Q

The most common nosocomial (hospital-acquired) infection is a(n):

a. Appendicitis
b. Pneumothorax
c. Urinary tract infection
d. Gastrointestinal infection

A

C

The most common nosocomial infections are urinary tract infections, pneumonia, and surgical site infection.

Intro to sonography (11 decks)

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