Ch 4 Episodic Memory

Question 1

Semantic memory

Answer 1

Ideas, facts, concepts, knowledge, unemotional

Question 2

Episodic Memory

Answer 2

events, experiences, emotional

Question 3

Flashbulb memories

Answer 3

Where we remember the specifics of an event, like what we were doing, who we were with

Question 4

Remember judgments

Answer 4

When we refer to I remember, things that we remember

Question 5

Know judgments

Answer 5

When we refer to I know, specific detail or information that is recalled

Question 6

Developmental amnesia

Answer 6

Not brain injured, however, cannot retrieve from episodic memory, but, can new learn information for semantic memory

Question 7

HERA

Answer 7

Hemispheric Encoding/Retrieval Asymmetry

Semantic memory is retrieved using the left prefrontal lobe, episodic is retrieved using the right prefrontal lobe, however, episodic encoding uses the left prefrontal lobe more than the right

Question 8

Encoding

Answer 8

How we process for learning

Question 9

Representation

Answer 9

How we store information

Question 10

Retrieval

Answer 10

How we recall information

Question 11

Levels of processing

Answer 11

The better the information is processed for meaning, the better we encode it

Question 12

Incidental learning

Answer 12

Information that is learned, but not on purpose, it is incidental

Question 13

Intentional Learning

Answer 13

We process information on purpose because we know we will be tested

Question 14

Elaborative rehearsal

Answer 14

When rehearsing for working memory, we process what we learning by focusing on a meaning

Question 15

Maintenance rehearsal

Answer 15

Repeating words over and over again to hold in working memory

Question 16

Deep processing vs. shallow processing

Answer 16

Deep is more meaningful like the use of elaborative rehearsal where as shallow is less meaningful, memorable; maintenance rehearsal is shallow

Question 17

Orienting tasks

Answer 17

Participants are told to focus either on deep or shallow learning without the pre-knowledge of being tested later.

Question 18

Self-reference effect

Answer 18

Learning the material by associating yourself within the material

Question 19

Survival processing

Answer 19

Relaying to information in a way that is for surviving to help better encoding

Question 20

Generation effect

Answer 20

Generating your own associations with the material to be learned

Question 21

Organization

Answer 21

Organizing the material to be learned in your own structure

Question 22

Distinctiveness

Answer 22

Look for a unique value for each item of information to be learned

Question 23

von Restorff effect

Answer 23

The use of a word that is totally disconnect from the rest of the items and stands out from the rest