Ch. 4 Cells, Tissues, and Organs Flashcards
ATP
The energy compound of the cell Adenosine Triphosphate
Carbohydrate
the category of organic compounds that includes sugars and starches
Cell
the basic structural and functional unit of the living organism; a microscopic unit that combines with other cells to form tissues
Chromosome
a thread-like body in a cell’s nucleus that contains genetic information
Cytology
the study of cells
Cytoplasm
the fluid that fills the cell and holds the organelles
DNA
deoxyribonucliec acid; the genetic compound of the cell
Enzyme
An organic substance that speeds the rate of metabolic reaction
Gene
A hereditary unit composed DNA and combined with other genes to form chromosomes
Glucose
a simple sugar that circulates in the blood, the main energy source for metabolism
Histology
study of tissues
Homeostasis
a steady state, a condition of internal stability and constancy
Lipid
A category of organic compound that includes fats
Membrane
a simple, very thin, and pliable sheet of tissue that might cover an organ, line a cavity, or separate structures
Metabolism
The sum of all the physical and chemical reactions that occur within an organism
Mitosis
Cell Division
Mucus
a thick fluid secreted by cells in membranes and glands that lubricates and protects tissues
Nucleus
The cells control center; directs all cellular activity
Organ
A part of the body with a specific function, a component of a body system
Protein
a category of organic compounds that include structural materials, enzymes and some hormones
RNA
Ribonucleic Acid; an organic compound involved in the manufacture of proteins within cells
Tissue
A group of cells that acts together for a specific purpose
morph/o
form
cyt/o, -cyte
cell
nucle/o
nucleus
kary/o
nucleus
hist/o, histi/o
tissue
fibr/o
fiber
reticul/o
network
aden/o
gland
papill/o
nipple
myx/o
mucus
muc/o
mucus, mucous membrane
somat/o, -some
body, small body
blast/o, -blast
immature cell, productive cell, embryonic cell
gen
origin, formation
phag/o
eat, ingest
phil
attract, absorb
plas
formation, molding, development
trop
act on, affect
troph/o
feeding, growth, nourishment
-ase
enzyme
-ose
sugar
hydr/o
water
gluc/o
glucose
sacchar/o
sugar
amyl/o
starch
lip/o
lipid, fat
adip/o
fat
steat/o
fatty
prote/o
protein
amino acids
the nitrogen-containing compounds that make up proteins
anabolism
the type of protein in which body substances are make; the building phase of metabolism
catabolism
the type of metabolism in which substances are broken down for energy and simple compounds
Collagen
a fibrous protein found in connective tissue
Cortex
the outer region of an organ
Glycogen
A complex sugar compound stored in the liver and muscles and broken down into glucose when needed for energy
Medulla
the inner region of an organ, marrow
Parenchyma
the functional tissue of an organ
visceral
pertaining to internal organs, describes a membrane on the surface of an organ
Reversed
The energy compound of the cell Adenosine Triphosphate
ATP
Reversed
the category of organic compounds that includes sugars and starches
Carbohydrate
Reversed
the basic structural and functional unit of the living organism; a microscopic unit that combines with other cells to form tissues
Cell
Reversed
a thread-like body in a cell’s nucleus that contains genetic information
Chromosome
Reversed
the study of cells
Cytology
Reversed
the fluid that fills the cell and holds the organelles
Cytoplasm
Reversed
deoxyribonucliec acid; the genetic compound of the cell
DNA
Reversed
An organic substance that speeds the rate of metabolic reaction
Enzyme
Reversed
A hereditary unit composed DNA and combined with other genes to form chromosomes
Gene
Reversed
a simple sugar that circulates in the blood, the main energy source for metabolism
Glucose
Reversed
study of tissues
Histology
Reversed
a steady state, a condition of internal stability and constancy
Homeostasis
Reversed
A category of organic compound that includes fats
Lipid
Reversed
a simple, very thin, and pliable sheet of tissue that might cover an organ, line a cavity, or separate structures
Membrane
Reversed
The sum of all the physical and chemical reactions that occur within an organism
Metabolism
Reversed
Cell Division
Mitosis
Reversed
a thick fluid secreted by cells in membranes and glands that lubricates and protects tissues
Mucus
Reversed
The cells control center; directs all cellular activity
Nucleus
Reversed
A part of the body with a specific function, a component of a body system
Organ
Reversed
a category of organic compounds that include structural materials, enzymes and some hormones
Protein
Reversed
Ribonucleic Acid; an organic compound involved in the manufacture of proteins within cells
RNA
Reversed
A group of cells that acts together for a specific purpose
Tissue
Reversed
form
morph/o
Reversed
cell
cyt/o, -cyte
Reversed
nucleus
nucle/o
Reversed
nucleus
kary/o
Reversed
tissue
hist/o, histi/o
Reversed
fiber
fibr/o
Reversed
network
reticul/o
Reversed
gland
aden/o
Reversed
nipple
papill/o
Reversed
mucus
myx/o
Reversed
mucus, mucous membrane
muc/o
Reversed
body, small body
somat/o, -some
Reversed
immature cell, productive cell, embryonic cell
blast/o, -blast
Reversed
origin, formation
gen
Reversed
eat, ingest
phag/o
Reversed
attract, absorb
phil
Reversed
formation, molding, development
plas
Reversed
act on, affect
trop
Reversed
feeding, growth, nourishment
troph/o
Reversed
enzyme
-ase
Reversed
sugar
-ose
Reversed
water
hydr/o
Reversed
glucose
gluc/o
Reversed
sugar
sacchar/o
Reversed
starch
amyl/o
Reversed
lipid, fat
lip/o
Reversed
fat
adip/o
Reversed
fatty
steat/o
Reversed
protein
prote/o
Reversed
the nitrogen-containing compounds that make up proteins
amino acids
Reversed
the type of protein in which body substances are make; the building phase of metabolism
anabolism
Reversed
the type of metabolism in which substances are broken down for energy and simple compounds
catabolism
Reversed
a fibrous protein found in connective tissue
Collagen
Reversed
the outer region of an organ
Cortex
Reversed
A complex sugar compound stored in the liver and muscles and broken down into glucose when needed for energy
Glycogen
Reversed
the inner region of an organ, marrow
Medulla
Reversed
the functional tissue of an organ
Parenchyma
Reversed
pertaining to internal organs, describes a membrane on the surface of an organ
visceral
