Ch. 15 The Female Reproductive System; Pregnancy & Birth Flashcards
1
Q
Cervix
A
Neck. Usually means the lower narrow portion (neck) of the uterus
2
Q
Clitoris
A
a small erectile body anterior to the urethral opening that is similar in origin to the penis
3
Q
Contraception
A
the prevention of pregnancy
4
Q
Corpus Lutem
A
the small yellow structure that develops from the ovarian follicle after ovulation and secretes progesterone and estrogen
5
Q
Cul-de-sac
A
a blind pouch, such as the recess between the rectum and the uterus
6
Q
Endometrium
A
the inner lining of the uterus
7
Q
Estrogen
A
a group of hormones that produce female characteristics and prepare the uterus for the fertilized egg. The most active of these is estradiol
8
Q
Fallopian Tube
A
Uterine tube
9
Q
Fimbriae
A
the long finger like extensions of the uterine tube that wave to capture the released ovum
10
Q
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
A
a hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that acts on the gonads. In the female it stimulates ripening of ova in the ovary
11
Q
Fornix
A
an arch like space, such as the space between the uppermost wall of the vagina and the cervix
12
Q
Labia Majora
A
two large folds of skin that form the sides of the vulva
13
Q
Labia Minora
A
two small folds of skin within the labia majora
14
Q
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
A
a hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that acts on the gonads. In the female, it stimulates ovulation and corpus luteum formation
15
Q
Mammary Gland
A
a specialized gland capable of secreting milk in the female
16
Q
Menarche
A
the first menstrual period
17
Q
Menopause
A
Cessation of menstrual Cycles in the female
18
Q
Menstruation
A
the cyclic discharge of blood and mucosal tissues from the lining of the non pregnant uterus
19
Q
Myometrium
A
the muscular wall of the uterus
20
Q
Ovarian Follicle
A
the cluster of cells in which the ovum ripens in the ovary
21
Q
Ovary
A
a female gonad
22
Q
Ovulation
A
the release of a mature ovum from the ovary
23
Q
Ovum
A
the female gamete or reproductive cell
24
Q
Perineum
A
the region between the thighs from the external genitalia to the anus
25
Progesterone
a hormone produced by corpus luteum and the placenta that maintains the endometrium for pregnancy
26
Tubal ligation
surgical constriction of the uterine tubes to produce sterilization
27
uterine tube
a tube extending from the upper lateral portion of the uterus that carries the ovum to the uterus. Also called fallopian
28
Uterus
the organ that receives the fertilized egg and maintains the developing offspring during pregnancy
29
Vagina
the muscular tube between the cervix and the vulva
30
Vulva
the external female genital organs
31
Gyn/o, Gynec/o
woman
32
Gynecology
study of women's disease
33
men/o, mens
month, menstruation
34
premenstrual
before a menstrual period
35
oo
ovum, egg cell
36
ov/o, ovul/o
ovum, egg cell
37
ovari/o
ovary
38
oophor/o
ovary
39
oocyte
cell that gives rise to an ovum
40
anovulatory
absence of egg ripening of ovulation
41
ovariopexy
surgical fixation of an ovary
42
oophorectomy
excision of an ovary
43
salping/o
uterine tube
44
salpingoplasty
plastic repair of a uterine tube
45
uter/o
uterus
46
intrauterine
within the uterus
47
metr/o, mert/i
uterus
48
metrorrhea
abnormal uterine discharge
49
hyster/o
uterus
50
hysterotomy
incision of the uterus
51
cervic/o
cervix, neck
52
vagin/o
vagina
53
colp/o
vagina
54
vaginometer
instrument of measuring the vagina
55
colpostenosis
narrowing of the vagina
56
vulv/o
vulva
57
vulvar
pertaining to the vulva
58
episi/o
vulva
59
episiotomy
incision of the vulva
60
perine/o
perineum
61
clitor/o, clitorid/o
clitoris
62
mamm/o
breast, mammary gland
63
mast/o
breast, mammary gland
64
perineal
pertaining to the perineum
65
clitorectomy
excision of the clitoris
66
amastia
absence of breasts
67
Candidiasis
infection with the fungus Candida, a common cause of vaginitis
68
Dysmenorrhea
painful or difficult menstration
69
Endometriosis
growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus usually in the pelvic cavity
70
Fibroid
benign tumor of smooth muscle
71
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Condition caused by the spread of infection from the reproductive tract into the pelvic cavity. Commonly caused by STD gonorrhea and Chlamydia infections
72
Salpingitis
inflammation of a uterine tube; typically caused by unitary tract infection or sexually transmitted infection. Chronic salpingitis may lead to infertility or topic pregnancy
73
Vaginitis
inflammation of the vagina
74
Colposcope
instrument for examining the vagina and cervix
75
Cone Biopsy
removal of a cone of tissue from the cervical lining for cytologic examination; also called conization
76
Dilation and Curettage
procedure in which the cervix is dilated and the uterine lining is scraped with a curette
77
Hysterectomy
surgical removal of the uterus
78
mammography
radiographic study of the breast for the detection of breast cancer
79
Mastectomy
excision of the breast tissue to eliminate malignancy
80
oophorectomy
excision of an ovary
81
Pap Smear
study of cells collected from the cervix and vagina for early detection of cancer
82
Salpingectomy
surgical removal of the uterine tube
83
Areola
a pigmented ring such as the dark area around the nipple of the breast
84
Graafian Follicle
a mature ovarian follicle
85
Greater Vestibular Gland
a small mucus secreting gland on the side of the vestibule near the vaginal opening. Also called Bartholin gland
86
Hymen
a fold of mucous membrane that partially covers the entrance of the vagina
87
Mons Pubis
the rounded, fleshy elevation anterior to the pubic joint that is covered with hair after puberty
88
oocyte
a immature ovum
89
Perimenopause
the period immediately before menopause; begins at the time of irregular menstrual cycles and ends one years after the last menstrual period; average 3-4 years
90
Vestibule
the space between the labia minor that contains the openings of the urethra, vagina, and ducts of the greater vestibular glands
91
Dyspareunia
Pain during sexual intercourse
92
Fibrocystic Disease of the breast
a condition in which there are palpable lumps in the breasts, usually associated with pain and tenderness. These lumps or "thickenings" change with the menstrual cycle and must be distinguished from malignant tumors by diagnostic methods
93
Hirsutism
excess hair growth
94
Leucorrhea
white or yellowish discharge from the vagina. Infection and other disorders may change the amount, color, or odor of the discharge
95
Rectocele
Herniation of the rectum into the wall of the vagina
96
Culdocentesis
puncture of the vaginal wall to sample fluid from the rectouterine space for diagnosis
97
Episiorrhapy
Suture of the vulva or suture of the perineum cut in an episiotomy
98
Laparscopy
endoscopic examination of the abdomen; may include surgical procedures, such as tubal ligation
99
Myomectomy
Surgical removal of a uterine leiomyoma
100
Speculum
an instrument used to enlarge the opening of passage or cavity to allow examination
101
Teletheraphy
Delivery of radiation to a tumor from an external beam source, as compared to implantation of radioactive material or systematic administration of a radionuclide
102
BRCA1
Breast cancer gene 1
103
BRCA2
Breast Cancer Gene 2
104
BSE
Breast Self Examination
105
DUB
Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding
106
FSH
Follicle-Stimulating hormone
107
GC
Gonococcuss (cause of Gonorrhea)
108
GYN
Gynecology
109
HPV
Human Papillomavirus
110
HRT
Hormone Replacement Theraphy
111
IUD
Intrauterine Device
112
LH
Luteinizing hormone
113
NGU
Nongonococcal Urethritis
114
PID
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
115
PMS
Premenstrual syndrome
116
STD
Sexually Transmitted Disease
117
STI
Sexually Transmitted Infection
118
TSS
Toxic Shock Syndrome
119
VD
Venereal Disease
120
Amniotic Sac
the membranous sac filled with fluid that holds the fetus; also called amnion
121
Apgar Score
A system of rating an infant's physical condition immediately after birth.
122
Chorion
the outermost layer of the embryo that, with the endometrium, forms the placenta (adj: chorionic)
123
Ductus Arteriosus
a fetal blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery with the descending aorta, thus allowing blood to bypass the lungs.
124
Embryo
the stage in development between the zygote and the fetus, extending from the second through the eighth week of growth in the uterus
125
Fertilization
the union of an ovum and a spermatozoon
126
Fetus
the developing child in the uterus from the third month to birth
127
Foramen Ovale
a small hole in the interatrial septum in the fetal heart that allows blood to pass directly from the right to the left side of the heart
128
Gestation
the period of development from contraception to birth
129
Gravida
Pregnant Woman
130
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
a hormone secreted by the embryo early in pregnancy that maintains the corpus lutem so that it will continue to secrete hormones
131
Lactation
the secretion of milk from the mammary glands
132
Oxytocin
a pituitary hormone that stimulates contractions of the uterus. It also stimulates release "letdown" of milk from the breasts
133
para
Woman who has produced a viable infant. Multiple births are considered as single pregnancies.
134
Parturition
Childbirth
135
Placenta
the organ composed of fetal and maternal tissues that nourishes and maintains the developing fetus
136
Prostaglandins
a group of hormones with varied effects, including the stimulation of the uterine contractions
137
Umbilical Cord
the structure that connects the fetus to the placenta. It contains vessels that carry blood between the mother and the fetus
138
Zygote
the fertilized ovum
139
amino
amnion, amniotic sac
140
embry/o
embryo
141
fet/o
fetus
142
toc/o
labor
143
nat/i
birth
144
lact/o
milk
145
galact/o
milk
146
gravida
pregnant woman
147
para
woman who has given birth
148
abortion
termination of a pregnancy before the fetus is capable of surviving outside of the uterus, usually at 20 weeks or 500g.
149
Anencephaly
Congenital absence of a brain
150
Atresia
Congenital absence or closure of a normal opening
151
Carrier
an individual who has an unexpressed genetic defect that can be passed to his or her children
152
Cleft Clip
a congenital separation of the upper lip
153
Cleft Palate
a congenital split in the roof of the mouth
154
Congenital Disorder
a disorder that is present at birth. May be developmental or heredity (familial)
155
Eclampsia
convulsions and coma occurring during pregnancy of after delivery and associated with the conditions of pregnancy-induced hypertension
156
Etopic Pregnancy
development of the fertilized ovum outside the body of the uterus. Usually occurs in the uterine tube but make occur in other parts of the reproductive tract or abdominal cavity
157
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)
Disease that results from Rh incompatibility between the blood of a mother and her fetus.
158
Masitits
inflammation of the breast, usually associated with the early weeks of breast-feeding
159
Mutation
a change in the genetic material of a cell. Most mutations are harmful. If the change appears in the sex cells, it can be passed to future generations.
160
Placental Abruption
Premature separation of the placenta
161
Placenta Previa
Placental attachment in the lower portion of the uterus
162
Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)
a toxic condition of late pregnancy associated with hypertension, edema, and proteinuria that, if untreated, may lead to eclampsia. Also called preclampsia
163
Spina Bifida
a congenital defect in the closure of the spinal column through which the spinal cord and its membranes may project
164
teratogen
a factor that causes development abnormalities in the fetus (adj: teratogenic)
165
Amniocentesis
transabdominal puncture of the amniotic sac to remove amniotic fluid for testing. Tests on the cells and fluid obtained can reveal congenital abnormalities, blood incompatibility and sex of the fetus
166
Chorionic Villus Sampling
Removal of Chorionic cells through the cervix for prenatal testing. Can be done earlier in the pregnancy than amniocentesis
167
Dilatation and Evacuation (D&E)
Widening of the cervix and removal of conception products by suction
168
Karyotype
a picture of cellular chromosomes arranged in order of decreasing size; can reveal abnormalities in the chromosomes themselves or in their number of arrangement
169
Ultrasonography
the use of high frequency sound waves to prodcue a photograph of an organ or tissue malities and also to study and measure the fetus
170
Afterbirth
the placenta and membranes delivered after birth of a child
171
Antepartum
before childbirth, with reference to the mother
172
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
Persistence of the ductus arteriosus after birth so that blood continues to shunt from the pulmonary artery to the aorta
173
Cesarean Section
incision of the abdominal wall and uterus for delivery of a fetus
174
Obstetrics
the branch of medicine that treats women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium. Usually combined with the practice of gynecology
175
Chloasma
Brownish pigmentation that appears on the face during pregnancy; melasma
176
Fontanel
a membrane-covered space between cranial bones in the fetus that later becomes ossified; a soft spot
177
Intrapartum
occurring during birth
178
Linea Nigra
a dark line on the abdomen from the umbilicus to the pubic region that may appear late in pregnancy
179
Lochia
the mixture of blood, mucus, and tissue discharged from the uterus after childbirth
180
Meconium
the first feces of the newborn
181
Peripartum
occurring during the end of pregnancy or the first few months after delivery, with reference to the mother
182
Postpartum
after childbirth, with reference to the mother
183
Premature
describing an infant born before the organ systems are fully developed; immature
184
Preterm
occurring before the 37th week of gestation; describing an infant born before the 37th week of gestation
185
Puerperium
the first 42 days after child birth, during which the mother's reproductive organ usually return to normal (root: puer means child)
186
AB
Abortion
187
AFP
Alpha-fetoprotein
188
AI
Artificial Insemination
189
C-Section
Cesarean Section
190
CPD
Cephalopelvic Diproportion
191
FHR
Fetal Heart Rate
192
FHT
Fetal Heart tone
193
FTND
Full term normal delivery
194
FTP
Full Term Pregnancy
195
GA
Gestational Age
196
hCG
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
197
HDN
Hemolytic disease of the new born
198
IVF
In vitro fertilization
199
LMP
Last Menstrual Period
200
NB
Newborn
201
NICU
neonatal intensive care unit
202
OB
Obstertics
203
PDA
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
204
PIH
Pregnancy - Induced Hypertension
205
PKU
Phenylketonuria
206
UC
Uterine Contractions
207
# Reversed
Neck. Usually means the lower narrow portion (neck) of the uterus
Cervix
208
# Reversed
a small erectile body anterior to the urethral opening that is similar in origin to the penis
Clitoris
209
# Reversed
the prevention of pregnancy
Contraception
210
# Reversed
the small yellow structure that develops from the ovarian follicle after ovulation and secretes progesterone and estrogen
Corpus Lutem
211
# Reversed
a blind pouch, such as the recess between the rectum and the uterus
Cul-de-sac
212
# Reversed
the inner lining of the uterus
Endometrium
213
# Reversed
a group of hormones that produce female characteristics and prepare the uterus for the fertilized egg. The most active of these is estradiol
Estrogen
214
# Reversed
Uterine tube
Fallopian Tube
215
# Reversed
the long finger like extensions of the uterine tube that wave to capture the released ovum
Fimbriae
216
# Reversed
a hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that acts on the gonads. In the female it stimulates ripening of ova in the ovary
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
217
# Reversed
an arch like space, such as the space between the uppermost wall of the vagina and the cervix
Fornix
218
# Reversed
two large folds of skin that form the sides of the vulva
Labia Majora
219
# Reversed
two small folds of skin within the labia majora
Labia Minora
220
# Reversed
a hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that acts on the gonads. In the female, it stimulates ovulation and corpus luteum formation
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
221
# Reversed
a specialized gland capable of secreting milk in the female
Mammary Gland
222
# Reversed
the first menstrual period
Menarche
223
# Reversed
Cessation of menstrual Cycles in the female
Menopause
224
# Reversed
the cyclic discharge of blood and mucosal tissues from the lining of the non pregnant uterus
Menstruation
225
# Reversed
the muscular wall of the uterus
Myometrium
226
# Reversed
the cluster of cells in which the ovum ripens in the ovary
Ovarian Follicle
227
# Reversed
a female gonad
Ovary
228
# Reversed
the release of a mature ovum from the ovary
Ovulation
229
# Reversed
the female gamete or reproductive cell
Ovum
230
# Reversed
the region between the thighs from the external genitalia to the anus
Perineum
231
# Reversed
a hormone produced by corpus luteum and the placenta that maintains the endometrium for pregnancy
Progesterone
232
# Reversed
surgical constriction of the uterine tubes to produce sterilization
Tubal ligation
233
# Reversed
a tube extending from the upper lateral portion of the uterus that carries the ovum to the uterus. Also called fallopian
uterine tube
234
# Reversed
the organ that receives the fertilized egg and maintains the developing offspring during pregnancy
Uterus
235
# Reversed
the muscular tube between the cervix and the vulva
Vagina
236
# Reversed
the external female genital organs
Vulva
237
# Reversed
woman
Gyn/o, Gynec/o
238
# Reversed
study of women's disease
Gynecology
239
# Reversed
month, menstruation
men/o, mens
240
# Reversed
before a menstrual period
premenstrual
241
# Reversed
ovum, egg cell
oo
242
# Reversed
ovum, egg cell
ov/o, ovul/o
243
# Reversed
ovary
ovari/o
244
# Reversed
ovary
oophor/o
245
# Reversed
cell that gives rise to an ovum
oocyte
246
# Reversed
absence of egg ripening of ovulation
anovulatory
247
# Reversed
surgical fixation of an ovary
ovariopexy
248
# Reversed
excision of an ovary
oophorectomy
249
# Reversed
uterine tube
salping/o
250
# Reversed
plastic repair of a uterine tube
salpingoplasty
251
# Reversed
uterus
uter/o
252
# Reversed
within the uterus
intrauterine
253
# Reversed
uterus
metr/o, mert/i
254
# Reversed
abnormal uterine discharge
metrorrhea
255
# Reversed
uterus
hyster/o
256
# Reversed
incision of the uterus
hysterotomy
257
# Reversed
cervix, neck
cervic/o
258
# Reversed
vagina
vagin/o
259
# Reversed
vagina
colp/o
260
# Reversed
instrument of measuring the vagina
vaginometer
261
# Reversed
narrowing of the vagina
colpostenosis
262
# Reversed
vulva
vulv/o
263
# Reversed
pertaining to the vulva
vulvar
264
# Reversed
vulva
episi/o
265
# Reversed
incision of the vulva
episiotomy
266
# Reversed
perineum
perine/o
267
# Reversed
clitoris
clitor/o, clitorid/o
268
# Reversed
breast, mammary gland
mamm/o
269
# Reversed
breast, mammary gland
mast/o
270
# Reversed
pertaining to the perineum
perineal
271
# Reversed
excision of the clitoris
clitorectomy
272
# Reversed
absence of breasts
amastia
273
# Reversed
infection with the fungus Candida, a common cause of vaginitis
Candidiasis
274
# Reversed
painful or difficult menstration
Dysmenorrhea
275
# Reversed
growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus usually in the pelvic cavity
Endometriosis
276
# Reversed
benign tumor of smooth muscle
Fibroid
277
# Reversed
Condition caused by the spread of infection from the reproductive tract into the pelvic cavity. Commonly caused by STD gonorrhea and Chlamydia infections
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
278
# Reversed
inflammation of a uterine tube; typically caused by unitary tract infection or sexually transmitted infection. Chronic salpingitis may lead to infertility or topic pregnancy
Salpingitis
279
# Reversed
inflammation of the vagina
Vaginitis
280
# Reversed
instrument for examining the vagina and cervix
Colposcope
281
# Reversed
removal of a cone of tissue from the cervical lining for cytologic examination; also called conization
Cone Biopsy
282
# Reversed
procedure in which the cervix is dilated and the uterine lining is scraped with a curette
Dilation and Curettage
283
# Reversed
surgical removal of the uterus
Hysterectomy
284
# Reversed
radiographic study of the breast for the detection of breast cancer
mammography
285
# Reversed
excision of the breast tissue to eliminate malignancy
Mastectomy
286
# Reversed
excision of an ovary
oophorectomy
287
# Reversed
study of cells collected from the cervix and vagina for early detection of cancer
Pap Smear
288
# Reversed
surgical removal of the uterine tube
Salpingectomy
289
# Reversed
a pigmented ring such as the dark area around the nipple of the breast
Areola
290
# Reversed
a mature ovarian follicle
Graafian Follicle
291
# Reversed
a small mucus secreting gland on the side of the vestibule near the vaginal opening. Also called Bartholin gland
Greater Vestibular Gland
292
# Reversed
a fold of mucous membrane that partially covers the entrance of the vagina
Hymen
293
# Reversed
the rounded, fleshy elevation anterior to the pubic joint that is covered with hair after puberty
Mons Pubis
294
# Reversed
a immature ovum
oocyte
295
# Reversed
the period immediately before menopause; begins at the time of irregular menstrual cycles and ends one years after the last menstrual period; average 3-4 years
Perimenopause
296
# Reversed
the space between the labia minor that contains the openings of the urethra, vagina, and ducts of the greater vestibular glands
Vestibule
297
# Reversed
Pain during sexual intercourse
Dyspareunia
298
# Reversed
a condition in which there are palpable lumps in the breasts, usually associated with pain and tenderness. These lumps or "thickenings" change with the menstrual cycle and must be distinguished from malignant tumors by diagnostic methods
Fibrocystic Disease of the breast
299
# Reversed
excess hair growth
Hirsutism
300
# Reversed
white or yellowish discharge from the vagina. Infection and other disorders may change the amount, color, or odor of the discharge
Leucorrhea
301
# Reversed
Herniation of the rectum into the wall of the vagina
Rectocele
302
# Reversed
puncture of the vaginal wall to sample fluid from the rectouterine space for diagnosis
Culdocentesis
303
# Reversed
Suture of the vulva or suture of the perineum cut in an episiotomy
Episiorrhapy
304
# Reversed
endoscopic examination of the abdomen; may include surgical procedures, such as tubal ligation
Laparscopy
305
# Reversed
Surgical removal of a uterine leiomyoma
Myomectomy
306
# Reversed
an instrument used to enlarge the opening of passage or cavity to allow examination
Speculum
307
# Reversed
Delivery of radiation to a tumor from an external beam source, as compared to implantation of radioactive material or systematic administration of a radionuclide
Teletheraphy
308
# Reversed
Breast cancer gene 1
BRCA1
309
# Reversed
Breast Cancer Gene 2
BRCA2
310
# Reversed
Breast Self Examination
BSE
311
# Reversed
Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding
DUB
312
# Reversed
Follicle-Stimulating hormone
FSH
313
# Reversed
Gonococcuss (cause of Gonorrhea)
GC
314
# Reversed
Gynecology
GYN
315
# Reversed
Human Papillomavirus
HPV
316
# Reversed
Hormone Replacement Theraphy
HRT
317
# Reversed
Intrauterine Device
IUD
318
# Reversed
Luteinizing hormone
LH
319
# Reversed
Nongonococcal Urethritis
NGU
320
# Reversed
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
PID
321
# Reversed
Premenstrual syndrome
PMS
322
# Reversed
Sexually Transmitted Disease
STD
323
# Reversed
Sexually Transmitted Infection
STI
324
# Reversed
Toxic Shock Syndrome
TSS
325
# Reversed
Venereal Disease
VD
326
# Reversed
the membranous sac filled with fluid that holds the fetus; also called amnion
Amniotic Sac
327
# Reversed
A system of rating an infant's physical condition immediately after birth.
Apgar Score
328
# Reversed
the outermost layer of the embryo that, with the endometrium, forms the placenta (adj: chorionic)
Chorion
329
# Reversed
a fetal blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery with the descending aorta, thus allowing blood to bypass the lungs.
Ductus Arteriosus
330
# Reversed
the stage in development between the zygote and the fetus, extending from the second through the eighth week of growth in the uterus
Embryo
331
# Reversed
the union of an ovum and a spermatozoon
Fertilization
332
# Reversed
the developing child in the uterus from the third month to birth
Fetus
333
# Reversed
a small hole in the interatrial septum in the fetal heart that allows blood to pass directly from the right to the left side of the heart
Foramen Ovale
334
# Reversed
the period of development from contraception to birth
Gestation
335
# Reversed
Pregnant Woman
Gravida
336
# Reversed
a hormone secreted by the embryo early in pregnancy that maintains the corpus lutem so that it will continue to secrete hormones
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
337
# Reversed
the secretion of milk from the mammary glands
Lactation
338
# Reversed
a pituitary hormone that stimulates contractions of the uterus. It also stimulates release "letdown" of milk from the breasts
Oxytocin
339
# Reversed
Woman who has produced a viable infant. Multiple births are considered as single pregnancies.
para
340
# Reversed
Childbirth
Parturition
341
# Reversed
the organ composed of fetal and maternal tissues that nourishes and maintains the developing fetus
Placenta
342
# Reversed
a group of hormones with varied effects, including the stimulation of the uterine contractions
Prostaglandins
343
# Reversed
the structure that connects the fetus to the placenta. It contains vessels that carry blood between the mother and the fetus
Umbilical Cord
344
# Reversed
the fertilized ovum
Zygote
345
# Reversed
amnion, amniotic sac
amino
346
# Reversed
embryo
embry/o
347
# Reversed
fetus
fet/o
348
# Reversed
labor
toc/o
349
# Reversed
birth
nat/i
350
# Reversed
milk
lact/o
351
# Reversed
milk
galact/o
352
# Reversed
pregnant woman
gravida
353
# Reversed
woman who has given birth
para
354
# Reversed
termination of a pregnancy before the fetus is capable of surviving outside of the uterus, usually at 20 weeks or 500g.
abortion
355
# Reversed
Congenital absence of a brain
Anencephaly
356
# Reversed
Congenital absence or closure of a normal opening
Atresia
357
# Reversed
an individual who has an unexpressed genetic defect that can be passed to his or her children
Carrier
358
# Reversed
a congenital separation of the upper lip
Cleft Clip
359
# Reversed
a congenital split in the roof of the mouth
Cleft Palate
360
# Reversed
a disorder that is present at birth. May be developmental or heredity (familial)
Congenital Disorder
361
# Reversed
convulsions and coma occurring during pregnancy of after delivery and associated with the conditions of pregnancy-induced hypertension
Eclampsia
362
# Reversed
development of the fertilized ovum outside the body of the uterus. Usually occurs in the uterine tube but make occur in other parts of the reproductive tract or abdominal cavity
Etopic Pregnancy
363
# Reversed
Disease that results from Rh incompatibility between the blood of a mother and her fetus.
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)
364
# Reversed
inflammation of the breast, usually associated with the early weeks of breast-feeding
Masitits
365
# Reversed
a change in the genetic material of a cell. Most mutations are harmful. If the change appears in the sex cells, it can be passed to future generations.
Mutation
366
# Reversed
Premature separation of the placenta
Placental Abruption
367
# Reversed
Placental attachment in the lower portion of the uterus
Placenta Previa
368
# Reversed
a toxic condition of late pregnancy associated with hypertension, edema, and proteinuria that, if untreated, may lead to eclampsia. Also called preclampsia
Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)
369
# Reversed
a congenital defect in the closure of the spinal column through which the spinal cord and its membranes may project
Spina Bifida
370
# Reversed
a factor that causes development abnormalities in the fetus (adj: teratogenic)
teratogen
371
# Reversed
transabdominal puncture of the amniotic sac to remove amniotic fluid for testing. Tests on the cells and fluid obtained can reveal congenital abnormalities, blood incompatibility and sex of the fetus
Amniocentesis
372
# Reversed
Removal of Chorionic cells through the cervix for prenatal testing. Can be done earlier in the pregnancy than amniocentesis
Chorionic Villus Sampling
373
# Reversed
Widening of the cervix and removal of conception products by suction
Dilatation and Evacuation (D&E)
374
# Reversed
a picture of cellular chromosomes arranged in order of decreasing size; can reveal abnormalities in the chromosomes themselves or in their number of arrangement
Karyotype
375
# Reversed
the use of high frequency sound waves to prodcue a photograph of an organ or tissue malities and also to study and measure the fetus
Ultrasonography
376
# Reversed
the placenta and membranes delivered after birth of a child
Afterbirth
377
# Reversed
before childbirth, with reference to the mother
Antepartum
378
# Reversed
Persistence of the ductus arteriosus after birth so that blood continues to shunt from the pulmonary artery to the aorta
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
379
# Reversed
incision of the abdominal wall and uterus for delivery of a fetus
Cesarean Section
380
# Reversed
the branch of medicine that treats women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium. Usually combined with the practice of gynecology
Obstetrics
381
# Reversed
Brownish pigmentation that appears on the face during pregnancy; melasma
Chloasma
382
# Reversed
a membrane-covered space between cranial bones in the fetus that later becomes ossified; a soft spot
Fontanel
383
# Reversed
occurring during birth
Intrapartum
384
# Reversed
a dark line on the abdomen from the umbilicus to the pubic region that may appear late in pregnancy
Linea Nigra
385
# Reversed
the mixture of blood, mucus, and tissue discharged from the uterus after childbirth
Lochia
386
# Reversed
the first feces of the newborn
Meconium
387
# Reversed
occurring during the end of pregnancy or the first few months after delivery, with reference to the mother
Peripartum
388
# Reversed
after childbirth, with reference to the mother
Postpartum
389
# Reversed
describing an infant born before the organ systems are fully developed; immature
Premature
390
# Reversed
occurring before the 37th week of gestation; describing an infant born before the 37th week of gestation
Preterm
391
# Reversed
the first 42 days after child birth, during which the mother's reproductive organ usually return to normal (root: puer means child)
Puerperium
392
# Reversed
Abortion
AB
393
# Reversed
Alpha-fetoprotein
AFP
394
# Reversed
Artificial Insemination
AI
395
# Reversed
Cesarean Section
C-Section
396
# Reversed
Cephalopelvic Diproportion
CPD
397
# Reversed
Fetal Heart Rate
FHR
398
# Reversed
Fetal Heart tone
FHT
399
# Reversed
Full term normal delivery
FTND
400
# Reversed
Full Term Pregnancy
FTP
401
# Reversed
Gestational Age
GA
402
# Reversed
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
hCG
403
# Reversed
Hemolytic disease of the new born
HDN
404
# Reversed
In vitro fertilization
IVF
405
# Reversed
Last Menstrual Period
LMP
406
# Reversed
Newborn
NB
407
# Reversed
neonatal intensive care unit
NICU
408
# Reversed
Obstertics
OB
409
# Reversed
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
PDA
410
# Reversed
Pregnancy - Induced Hypertension
PIH
411
# Reversed
Phenylketonuria
PKU
412
# Reversed
Uterine Contractions
UC
