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Mom and baby Exam 1 > Ch. 4 Assessment and Health Promotion > Flashcards

Ch. 4 Assessment and Health Promotion Flashcards

1
Q

External female structures are developed by what?

A

hormones

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2
Q

What are the internal structures of the female reproductive system?

A
  • Vagina
  • Cervix
  • Outer cervix
  • Uterus
  • Uterine tubes
  • Ovaries
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3
Q

Is the vagina a tubular structure?

A

Yes

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4
Q

Is the vagina a fibromuscular structure which allows for stretching and expansion?

A

Yes

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5
Q

Is the vagina acidic?

A

Yes

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6
Q

What is the vagina a passageway for?

A
  • Birth
  • Mences
  • Intercourse
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7
Q

Is the uterus a muscular organ?

A

Yes

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8
Q

What are the three layers of the uterus?

A
  • Perimetrium (outermost)
  • Myometirum (muscle layer)
  • Endometrium (mucosal layer)
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9
Q

What does the perimetric layer cover?

A

The abdominal wall

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10
Q

Does the myometrium build and thicken?

A

Yes

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11
Q

What two layers of the endometrium shed monthly?

A
  • Stratum functionalism

- Stratum basalis

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12
Q

What is the top of the uterus called?

A

fundus

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13
Q

What are the 4 functions of the uterus?

A
  • Reception, implantation, retention, of fertilized ovum
  • Menstruation
  • Retain fetus until birth
  • Expulsion of fetus during birth
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14
Q

What supports the uterus as it grows

A

The many uterine ligaments

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15
Q

What is the passageway between the ovaries and uterus?

A

Fallopian tubes

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16
Q

Where is the site of fertilization?

A

Ampulla

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17
Q

What is responsible for ovulation?

A

The ovaries

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18
Q

What hormones are secreted by the ovaries?

A
  • Estrogen

- Progesterone

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19
Q

Is the ovary sensitive to FSH and LH?

A

YES

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20
Q

Does the bony pelvis play a large role in reproduction?

A

Yes (gynecoid pelvis)

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21
Q

What are the functions of the pelvis during reproduction?

A
  • Protection
  • Accommodation of growing fetus
  • Anchor of pelvic support structures
  • Passageway for decent of fetus
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22
Q

The pelvis fuses in early 20s but can separate when?

A

During child birth

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23
Q

When should a great exam be done?

A

5-7 days after menstruation

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24
Q

Changes in size and modularity in response to cyclic ovarian changes is seen in what?

A

The breasts

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25
Q

What is the first menstruation called?

A

Menarche

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26
Q

What is the transition phase between childhood and sexual maturity?

A

Puberty

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27
Q

The menstrual cycle is a combination of what 3 cycles occurring at the same time?

A
  • Endometrial
  • Hypothalamic-pituitary
  • Ovarian
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28
Q

What is the average length of a period?

A

5 days

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29
Q

What is the average blood loss during a period?

A

50cc

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30
Q

What cycle occurs towards the end of the menstrual cycle as a whole?

A

The hypothalamic-pituitary cycle

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31
Q

When do estrogen and progesterone blood levels fall?

A

During the hypothalamic-pituitary cycle

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32
Q

Low levels of estrogen and progesterone during the hypothalamic-pituitary cycle stimulate the hypothalamus to secrete what?

A

GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone)

33
Q

When the hypothalamus stimulates the release of GnRH during the hypothalamic-pituitary cycle, GnRH causes the anterior pituitary to release what?

A

FSH that stimulate the development of ovarian follicle

34
Q

Release of GnRH in the hypothalamic-pituitary cycle also stimulates the release of what?

A

LH

35
Q

During the ovarian cycle, FSH and LH were released during the hypothalamic-pituitary cycle causing the stimulation of the ovaries to produce what?

A
  • Estrogen

- Progesteron

36
Q

During the ovarian cycle, Estrogen and progesterone are produced causing the uterus to do what?

A

Proliferate

37
Q

During the ovarian cycle, when the uterus proliferates, if fertilization does not occur what happens?

A

The corpus luteum regresses and menstruation occurs

38
Q

During the ovarian cycle, when he uterus proliferates, if fertilization occurs then what happens?

A

The corpus luteum produces some estrogen a a lot of progesterone

39
Q

Why during the ovarian cycle, if fertilization occurs is a little estrogen but a lot of progesterone produced?

A

Progesterone is the hormone of pregnancy

40
Q

How many cycles are there in the endometrial cycles?

A

4

41
Q

What are the four phases of the endometrial cycle?

A
  • Menstrual phase
  • Proliferative phase
  • Secretory phase
  • Ischemic phase
42
Q

During the menstrual phase which lasts 1-5 days what occurs?

A

Shedding of the endometrium

43
Q

What phase of the endometrial cycle is there a period of rapid growth?

A

Proliferative phase

44
Q

How long does the proliferative phase last about?

A

5-14 days (ovulation)

45
Q

What does the proliferative phase depend upon?

A

Estrogen stimulation of from ovarian follicles

46
Q

How long does the secretary phase last?

A

day of ovulation -about 3 days before menstrual cycle

47
Q

After ovulation a larger amount of what is produced?

A

progesterone

48
Q

When is edematous vascular functional endometrium apparent?

A

Secretory phase

49
Q

During what phase are thick, soft, velvet secretions present?

A

Secretary phase

50
Q

During what phase is a nutritive bed for a fertilized ovum present?

A

Secretary phase

51
Q

The ischemic phase only takes place if what does not happen?

A

Fertilization

52
Q

During the ischemic phase the corpus luteum does what?

A

degenerates and regresses

53
Q

During the ischemic phase a rapid decrease in estrogen and progesterone causes arteries to spasm and what to occur?

A

Ischemia

54
Q

During the ischemic phase when ischemia occurs what is happening?

A

Blood supply is blocked and necrosis develops

55
Q

When blood supply is blocked and necrosis develops during the ischemic phase what happens?

A

Menstrual bleeding occurs marking day 1 of the next cycle

56
Q

Peri-menopause is what time frame before menopause occurs?

A

2-8 years

57
Q

When do ova slowly diminish

A

During peri-menopause

58
Q

Can irregular bleeding occur during the peri-menopause phase?

A

Yes

59
Q

Does the ovary stop producing estrogen in the peri-menopause phase?

A

yes

60
Q

Is conception a potential concern during the peri-menopause phase?

A

Yes

61
Q

Is osteoporosis a peri-menopause concern?

A

Yes

62
Q

A metabolic disease characterized by decreased bone mass and an increase in bone fractures is called what?

A

Osteoprosis

63
Q

Risk of hip or vertebral fracture from osteoporosis is due to what?

A

Decrease in estrogen, bones can’t form as quick as they are deteriorating

64
Q

What are risk factors for inadequate intake of Ca which may lead to osteoporosis?

A
  • Inadequate intake of Ca
  • Excessive Caffeine
  • Vitamin D deficiency
  • Smoking
  • Excessive alcohol intake
65
Q

Is the term climacteric used in reference to menopause?

A

Yes

66
Q

What is the transitional phase in which the ovaries and hormonal functions decline?

A

Climacteric

67
Q

What term refers to the last menstrual cycle?

A

Menopause

68
Q

When is menopauses dated with certainty?

A

1 year without period

69
Q

What is the age range of menopause?

A

35-60 commonly around 50 y/o

70
Q

Ovary function decreases during what?

A

Peri-menopause

71
Q

May menstrual cycles be irregular during the premenopausal phase?

A

Yes

72
Q

When does the ovary stop producing estrogen?

A

Peri-menopause phase

73
Q

Estrogen therapy (ET) and estrogen-progesterone therapy (HRT) are included in what?

A

Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT)

74
Q

Entry into prenatal care within what time frame allows for initiation measures to prevent problems of treatment

A

12 weeks

75
Q

What type of care includes a women’s healthcare needs throughout her lifetime?

A

Well-women care

76
Q

What substances cause potential health risks in childbearing years?

A
  • Smoking
  • Caffeine
  • Alcohol
  • Prescription drugs
  • Illicit drugs such as heroin, cocaine, marijuana, etc
77
Q

Is it an emergency if the placenta tears away (placental abruption) from the uterine wall?

A

YES

78
Q

Placental abruption is a risk with the use of what illicit drug?

A

Cocaine

Mom and baby Exam 1 (14 decks)

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