Ch 39

Question 1

Flower

Answer 1

A reproductive shoot, a stem branch that produces reproductive organs instead of leaves. Evolved by descent with modification.

Question 2

Pollination

Answer 2

Pollen grains from anthers that find the stigma of a compatible flower.

Question 3

Pollen germination

Answer 3

Once the pollen grain lands on the stigma, it grows a pollen tube with sperm to fertilize the female gametophyte .

Question 4

Micropyle

Answer 4

An opening in the ovule that the pollen tube goes through to deliver sperm to the gametophyte.

Question 5

Double Fertilization

Answer 5

There are two sperm cells on the pollen tube, and one fertilizes the egg which becomes a zygote, and the second fertilizes a central cell which eventually becomes endosperm.

Question 6

Endosperm

Answer 6

The nutritive tissue that feeds a developing embryo.

Question 7

Seed coat

Answer 7

An outer coat that protects the embryo and endosperm is developed from ovule integuments.

Question 8

Pericarp

Answer 8

This is the fruit wall that develops from the ovary wall. (The lines in an apple around the seeds.)

Question 9

Fruit

Answer 9

An enclosed structure that helps to disperse seeds. It reduces competition for resources among seedlings and parental plants.

Question 10

Seed germination

Answer 10

Occurs once favorable conditions are reached. Embryo absorbs water, comes out of dormancy and produces a seedling.

Question 11

Complete flower

Answer 11

Flowers that posses all four whorls…Sepals (Calyx), Petals (Corolla), Stamen (Androecium), and Carpels (Gynoecium).

Question 12

Incomplete flower

Answer 12

Flowers that lack one or more flower whorls.

Question 13

Perfect Flower

Answer 13

Flowers with both stamen and carpels.

Question 14

Imperfect flower

Answer 14

Flowers lacking a stamen or carpel.

Question 15

Monoecious

Answer 15

(means house) Corn is an example. It produces staminate and carpellate flowers on the same plant.

Question 16

Dioecious

Answer 16

(Means two houses) Holly and Willow are examples, they produce staminate and carpellate flowers on separate plants.

Question 17

Inflorescences

Answer 17

Groups of flowers clustered together.

Question 18

Generative Cell

Answer 18

Divides to produce two sperm cells, either before or after pollination.

Question 19

Tube Cell

Answer 19

Produces the pollen tube.

Question 20

Synergids

Answer 20

Two cells that surround an egg cell. They provide food for the nonphotosynthetic egg cell. They also produce proteins to attract pollen tubes.

Question 21

Embryogenesis

Answer 21

The process of development from a zygote to an embryo.

Question 22

Suspensor

Answer 22

A short chain of cells anchored near the micropyle at the ovule entrance.

Question 23

Cotyledon

Answer 23

Seedling leaves. They help the embryo change from a spherical shape to a heart-shape.

Question 24

Asexual reproduction

Answer 24

The production of new individuals from a single parent without the occurrence of fertilization.

Question 25

Somatic embryogenesis

Answer 25

The production of plant embryos from body (somatic) cells.

Question 26

Apomixes

Answer 26

(away from genetic mixing) A natural asexual reproductive means to produce fruits and seeds in the absence of fertilization. Dandelions.