Ch 33: Bacterial and Chlamydial Infections

Question 1

Which organism is the most common cause of pharyngitis?

Answer 1

Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (Streptococcus pyogenes).

Question 2

The Centor clinical criteria for the diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis are:

Answer 2

temperature greater than 38° C, tender anterior cervical adenopathy, lack of a cough, and pharyngotonsillar exudate.

Question 3

The rash of scarlet fever is _____ _____, resembling a sunburn, with superimposed fine red papules, and is most intense in the _____ and _____. It blanches on pressure, may become petechial, and fades in 2–5 days, leaving a fine desquamation. The face is flushed, with _____ _____, and the tongue is coated with enlarged red papillae (_________ tongue).

Answer 3

diffusely erythematous groin and axillas circumoral pallor strawberry

Question 4

What features distinguish mononucleosis from streptococcal pharyngitis?

Answer 4

Generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and a positive serologic test.

Question 5

Antimicrobial therapy for streptococcal infection has a modest effect on resolution of symptoms and primarily is administered for…

Answer 5

…prevention of complications.

Question 6

What is the optimal therapy for streptococcal infections?

Answer 6

Benzathine penicillin G, 1.2 million units intramuscularly as a single dose.

Question 7

Patients who have had rheumatic fever should be treated with a continuous course of antimicrobial prophylaxis for at least _ years! Effective regimens are _____, 250 mg orally twice daily, or _____, 500 mg orally daily.

Answer 7

5 erythromycin penicillin G

Question 8

What skin complications are seen in patients with streptococcal infections?

Answer 8

impetigo and erysipelas

Question 9

What is impetigo?

Answer 9

Impetigo is a focal, vesicular, pustular lesion with a thick, amber-colored crust with a “stuck-on” appearance

Question 10

What is erysipelas?

Answer 10

It is a painful, superficial cellulitis that frequently involves the face. It is well demarcated from the surrounding normal skin. It affects skin with impaired lymphatic drainage, such as edematous lower extremities or wounds.

Question 11

Moraxella catarrhalis is a gram-________ aerobic ______ and is biochemically similar to ________.

Answer 11

negative

coccus

Neisseria

Question 12

What are the two important reservoirs for Campylobacter organisms?

Answer 12

Dairy cattle and poultry

(p. 1472)