Ch. 32 Orthopedic Injuries

Question 1

Acromioclavicular (AC) joint

Answer 1

A simple joint where the bony projections of the scapula and the dlavidle meet at the top of the shoulser.

Question 2

Amputation

Answer 2

An injury in which part of the body is completely severed.

Question 3

Articular cartilage

Answer 3

A pearly white layer of specialized cartilage covering the articular surfaces (contact surfaces on the ends) of bones in synovial joints.

Question 4

Calcaneus

Answer 4

The heel bone.

Question 5

Closed fracture

Answer 5

Any break in a bone in which the overlying skin is not broken.

Question 6

Compartment syndrome

Answer 6

Swelling in a confined space that produces dangerous pressure; may cut off blood flow or damage sensitive tissues.

Question 7

Crepitus

Answer 7

A grating or grinding sensation or sound cuased by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together.

Question 8

Dislocation

Answer 8

Disruption of a joint in which a ligaments are damaged and bone ends are no longer in contact.

Question 9

Displaced fracture

Answer 9

A fracture in which bone fragments are separated from one another, producing deformity in the limb.

Question 10

Ecchymosis

Answer 10

Bruising or discoloration associated with bleeding within or under the skin.

Question 11

False motion

Answer 11

Movement that occurs in a bone at a point where there is no joint, indicating a fracture; also called free movement.

Question 12

Fascia

Answer 12

The fiberlike connective tissue that covers arteries, veins, tendons, and ligaments.

Question 13

Fibula

Answer 13

The outer and smaller bone of the two bones of the lower leg.

Question 14

Glenoid fossa

Answer 14

The part of the scapula that joins with the muforal head to form the glenohumoral joint.

Question 15

Hematuria

Answer 15

Blood in the urine.

Question 16

Joint

Answer 16

The place where two bones come into contact.

Question 17

Ligaments

Answer 17

Bands of fibrous tissue that conect bones to bones. Ligaments support and strengthen a joint.

Question 18

Nondisplaced fracture

Answer 18

A simple crack in the bone that has not caused the bone to move from itss normal anatomic position; also called a hairline fracture.

Question 19

Open fracture

Answer 19

Any break in a bone in which the overlying skin has been broken.

Question 20

Pelvic binder

Answer 20

A device to splint the bony pelvis to reduce hemorrhage from bone ends, venous disruption, and pain.

Question 21

Point tenderness

Answer 21

Tenderness that is sharply localized at the site of the injury, found by gently palpating along the bone with the tip of one finger.

Question 22

Position of function

Answer 22

A hand position in which the wrist is slightly dorsiflexed and all finger joints are moderately flexed.

Question 23

Reduce

Answer 23

To return to a dislocated joint or fractured bone to its normal position; to set.

Question 24

Retroperitoneal space

Answer 24

The space betwween the abdominal cavity and the posterior abdominal wall, containing the kidneys, certain large vessels, and parts of the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 25

Sciatic nerve

Answer 25

The major nerve to the lower extremities; controls much of muscle function in the leg ans sensation in most of the leg and foot.

Question 26

Sling

Answer 26

A bandage or material that helps to support the weight of an injured upper extremity.

Question 27

Sprain

Answer 27

A joint injury involving damage to supporting ligaments, and sometimes partial or temporary dislocation of bone ends.

Question 28

Strain

Answer 28

Stretching or tearing of a muscle; also called a muscle pull.

Question 29

Swathe

Answer 29

A bandage that passes around the chest to secure an injured arm to the chest.

Question 30

Tibia

Answer 30

The shinbone; the larger of the two bones of the lower leg.

Question 31

Tourniquet

Answer 31

The bleeding ocntrol method used when a wound continues to bleed despite the use of direct pressure; useful if a patient is bleeding severely from a partial or incomplete amputation.

Question 32

Traction

Answer 32

Longitudinal force applied to a structure.

Question 33

Zone of injury

Answer 33

The area of potientially damaged soft tissue, adjacent nerves, and blood vessels surrounding an injury to a bone or a joint.