Ch. 32- Antidiabetic Drugs Flashcards
What is the pancreas?
Both an exocrine and endocrine gland because it secretes both through ducts and into blood
How do exocrine glands secrete their secretions?
Through ducts/openings on external or internal surfaces of the body
How do endocrine glands secrete their secretions?
Secrete hormones directly into blood stream instead of ducts
What does the pancreas secrete that makes it an EXOCRINE gland?
Digestive enzymes (through the pancreatic duct in stomach)
What does the pancreas secrete that makes it an ENDOCRINE gland?
Hormones (directly into bloodstream)
What are the two main hormones released by the pancreas?
Insulin and glucagon, which both assist in the regulation of glucose
What is the primary job of insulin?
Lower blood glucose by making the glucose accessible to the cell. Binds to glucose molecule to pull it into the cell.
What does insulin do by facilitating transport of glucose into the cell?
Stimulates carbohydrate metabolism
What are the three Ps of diabetes?
Polyuria- extra pee
Polydispia- thirsty
Polyphagia- need to eat more because not absorbing sugar, so you want to get more energy
What is type I diabetes?
We don’t make the correct insulin, or we don’t make any.
What is type I diabetes caused by?
Caused by autoimmune destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas
What percentage of the diabetic population has type I?
10%
What do type I diabetes require?
Outside source of insulin, must be injected
What is type II diabetes caused by?
Caused by a decrease in beta cell activity or a resistance, or an increase in glucose production by liver. Over time, the beta cells fail and exogenous insulin may be required.
What is gestational diabetes?
Women who are pregnant and get diabetes. Temporary.
