Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Intro To Global Studies > Ch 3 Vocabulary > Flashcards

Ch 3 Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Intergovernmental Organizations (IOs)

A

Organizations made up of nation-states

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nation-state

A

A type of state that provides sovereign territory for a particular culture or ethnic group. However, it is also frequently used interchangeably with the terms “state” and “country”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Treaty

A

A legally binding agreement between two or more states, sovereigns, or international organizations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Organs

A

Agencies within organizations that perform specific functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Adjudication

A

Settling a disput through a formal structure such as a court room

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Fourteen Points

A

A speech given by US President Woodrow Wilson to the US Congress on January 8, 1918. Given 10 months before the end of World War I, it became the framework for the peace treaty that ended the war. Included in it was a call for an association of nations that would protect nation-state sovereignty and keep the peace

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Charter

A

A document incorporating an institution and outlining its rights and duties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

League of Nations

A

Established by the Treaty of Versailles which ended World War 1, this organization was designed to provide a forum for conflict disput resolution, thereby preventing war

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sanctions

A

Typically refers to economic restrictions, or embargos, placed on a nation-state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A

Ended World War 1 and demanded that Germany take full responsibility for the war and make reparations to the states it had injured

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

International Labour Organization (ILO)

A

Founded in 1919, this specialize agencies of the UN works to promote decent working conditions across the globe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Nobel Peace Prize

A

Prize named after Alfred Nobel, a Swedish industrialist who wanted it awarded to groups and individuals who promoted peace

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

United Nations

A

International organization founded to prevent war and promote peace and international cooperation. Total membership in 2009: 192 nation-states

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

United Nations General Assembly

A

The organ of the UN that acts as its legislative branch. All member nations can send delegates to the General Assembly. It is also a forum for international dialogue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Secretary-General (UN)

A

The official spokesperson for the UN. In charge of the administrative machinery of the organization. Ban Ki-moon from South Korea became the Secretary-General in 2007

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Permanent members

A

Refers to the five members of the UN Security Council who wield veto power: the US, France, Britain, China, and Russia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cold War

A

Refers to the ideological stand-off between two superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, from 1945 to 1989. While not directly fighting one another, each side sought to expand its influence by keeping the other from spreading its form of government and political system, resulting in many proxy wars throughout the world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Balkans

A

Geographic and historic term for a peninsula in Southeastern Europe. Countries most commonly included in the Balkan region are Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Kosovo, Montenegro, Macedonia, and Serbia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

United Nations Security Council (UNSC)

A

The 15-member organ of the UN that is responsible for maintaining peace and security. There are 10 rotating members who serve two-year terms and five permanent members who have veto power: US, Britain, China, Russia, and France

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

United Nations Economic and Social Council

A

The organ of the UN that promotes international cooperation and development. It performs the majority of the United Nations’ work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

United Nations Statistical Yearbook

A

Published each year by the UN, it catalogues a wide range of economic, social, and economic data

22
Q

Trusteeship Council

A

The organ of the UN that was responsible for assisting with the transition of former colonies to independent countries. It went out of commission in 1994

23
Q

Oceania

A

Refers to a group of islands located in the Pacific Ocean

24
Q

International Court of Justice (ICJ)

A

The judicial organ of the United Nations that has the power to hear cases involving nation-states

25
Q

Secretariat

A

The administrative organ of the UN led by the Secretary-General

26
Q

Suez Crisis

A

A military attack on Egypt by Britain, France, and Israel after Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal

27
Q

Assessment

A

The amount of money each country is asked to contribute to the UN’s regular budget

28
Q

Arrears

A

The portion of a state’s assessment that remains unpaid after it is due

29
Q

Preventative diplomacy

A

Diplomatic efforts designed to reduced chances of impending conflict, or to prevent an imminent conflict

30
Q

Liberalize

A

To reduce restrictions on trade

31
Q

Most-favored-nation (MFN) status

A

Although most-favored-nation sounds like certain countries are granted special treatment, in the WTO the MFN principle means non-discrimination. Each member nation treats virtually every other member equally. So if a country improves the benefits it extends to one member nation, it must do so for all other WTO members so that they remain “most-favored”

32
Q

Export subsidies

A

A form of subsidy provided by a government to help companies or manufacturing sectors lower their export costs

33
Q

Tariffs

A

Taxes placed on imported goods

34
Q

Quotas

A

Limits on the amount of a product a country will allow into its market in an effort to protect domestic manufacturers

35
Q

European Union (EU)

A

A regional organization for European states that seeks to create unified social, political, and economic policies

36
Q

Maastricht Treaty

A

Signed in 1992, it formally created the EU

37
Q

Supranational

A

A supranational organization is one that has been given the authority by its member nations to make decisions that take precedence over member nations’ policies. The supranational organization relies on the nations to carry out its decisions because it usually lacks any enforcement powers of its own

38
Q

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

A

A regional collective self-defense organization

39
Q

Appease

A

To be pacific, or to concede in order to avert or ameliorate conflict

40
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

A collective self-defense organization made up of the Soviet Union and its allies. It was disbanded in 1991

41
Q

African Union

A

An organization of African states that is designed to promote peace, human rights, democracy, and inter-continental cooperation

42
Q

Organization of American States (OAS)

A

A regional organization for the states of the Americas, whose purpose is to promote social and economic development in the Western hemisphere

43
Q

NAFTA

A

A free trade agreement between the US, Canada, and Mexico that sought to encourage trade between the three countries

44
Q

League of Arab States

A

A regional international organization of Arab states designed to promote cooperation among, and safeguard the sovereignty of, member states

45
Q

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

A

Made up of oil-producing countries, this organization tries to stabilize the oil market by regulating the supply of the commodity

46
Q

Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs)

A

A legally constructed organization made up of individuals. These have a limited, if any, role for nation-states

47
Q

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

A

Adopted by the United Nations in 1948, the declaration describes the rights to which all human beings are entitled

48
Q

Multinational Corporations (MNCs)

A

A corporation or enterprise that manages production or delivers services in more than one country

49
Q

Kyoto Protocol

A

A UN Convention designed to lower greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to climate change

50
Q

Amnesty International

A

An NGO dedicated to the protection of political and civil human rights

Intro To Global Studies (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions