Ch 3 Utility Pruning

Question 1

Population of trees that could now or in the future interfere with the operation of utility

Answer 1

Utility Forest

Question 2

Process of branch removal in which the pruning cuts are made at nodes and in relation to the positions of the branch collar and branch bark ridge

Answer 2

Natural pruning

Question 3

Pruning system that uses a combination of pruning, supporting and training branches to orient a plant into a desired shape.

Answer 3

Topiary

Question 4

pruning cut that removes the smaller of two branches at a union or a parent stem, without cutting into the branch bark ridge or branch collar, or leaving a stub.

Answer 4

branch removal cut

Question 5

Soil conditions, site disturbance available moisture, competition from other plants and other factors can affect the direction and in tensity of growth following pruning.

Answer 5

Site factors

Question 6

a structural development pruning technique that uses reduction or heading cuts to reduce branch length relative to other similar branches. The subordinated branch grows at a comparatively slower rate

Answer 6

Subordination

Question 7

Characteristics that make tree’s likely to fail

Answer 7

Dead or declining
* Broken or partially failed, due to an earlier
injury
* Adventitious (arose as sprouts, e.g., from old pruning wounds)
* More upright or codominant, especially when included bark is present at the branch union
* Overextended or poorly tapered, especially with heavy loads toward the distal end (e.g., lion tailing)
* Showing significant defects that compound any of the above, large cavities, decay

Question 8

selective removal of branches to guide and / or discourage growth in a particular direction.

Answer 8

directional pruning

Question 9

• Line priority
• Tree species and condition, including branch length and size
• Susceptibility to storms
• Community norms

Answer 9

Managing overhang

Question 10

in vegetation management, the area outside the right-of-way, where tall-growing species may be allowed, although they need to be monitored for risk.

Answer 10

peripheral zone

Question 11

When should a tree be removed

Answer 11

When it costs more to prune, it’s risky or does not respond to pruning

Question 12

A revision of the ansi z133 standard intended to be the standard reference for those engaged in tree care work

Answer 12

Ansi z133-2000

Question 13

results-based strategy designed to target trees as close as possible to the time that they interfere with facilities is called ________ _______ _______ management .

Answer 13

Just in time

Question 14

Which clause of the Occupational Safety & Heath requires that employers to provide their employees working conditions that are free of known dangers?

Answer 14

General Duty clause

Question 15

Utility pruning should use _____ and _______ pruning principles

Answer 15

natural & targeted

Question 16

Sprout growth following pruning usually comes from

Answer 16

adventitious buds

Question 17

Tree-caused physical damage to conductors, electrical equipment, and/or supporting structures is an example of a _____ failure.

Answer 17

Mechanical

Question 18

If you find a tree leaning on a line, stay at least ____ ft away.

Answer 18

35

Question 19

A tree or branch coming into contact with an energized
conductor, causing a short circuit is an example of an

Answer 19

electrical failure

Question 20

Pruning cut that removes the larger of 2 or more branches or stems

Answer 20

Reduction cut

Question 21

The area where a branch joins another branch or the trunk:

Answer 21

branch collar

Question 22

The tree protection zone for a mature tree with a moderate
tolerance to disturbance should be _____ ft per inch

Answer 22

1ft

Question 23

Three tree & electrical system characteristics that influence
the likelihood of a tree-related service interruption are

Answer 23

voltage gradient, stem diameter, & species

Question 24

Trees or branches that fall from outside utility easement have a ____ impact on service than trees growing into and contacting lines

Answer 24

Greater

Question 25

cutting a shoot or branch back to a
bud, stub, or small lateral branch. Cutting an old-
er branch or stem back to a stub in order to meet a
structural objective.

Answer 25

Heading cut

Question 26

raised strip of bark at the top
of a branch union, where the growth and expan-
sion of the trunk or parent stem and adjoining
branch push the bark into a ridge.

Answer 26

Branch bark ridge

Question 27

shoot arising from a dormant
bud or from newly formed adventitious tissue.

Answer 27

Epicormic shoot

Question 28

new wood produced in re-
sponse to loads to compensate for higher strain in
marginal fibers; includes reaction wood (tension
and compression) and woundwood

Answer 28

Response growth