Ch 3: Memory and Learning Flashcards
habituation
process of becoming used to a stimulus
dishabituation
second stimulus intervenes, causing a re-sensitization to the original stimulus
associative learning
way of pairing together stimuli and responses, or behaviors and consequences
classical conditioning
unconditioned stimulus that produces an instinctive, unconditioned response is paired with a neutral stimulus. with repetition the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus that produces a conditional response
operant conditioning
behavior is changed through the use of consequences
reinforcement
increases the likelihood of a behavior
punishment
decreases the likelihood of a behavior
encoding
process of putting new information into memory
encoding can be ___ or ____
automatic
effortful
____ coding is stronger than both acoustic and visual coding
semantic
___ and ____ are transient and are based on neurotransmitter activity; ____ requires short-term memory, attention, and executive function to manipulate information
sensory and short term memory
working memory
long-term memory requires
elaborative rehearsal and is the result of increased neuronal connectivity
explicit (declarative) memory
stores facts and stories
implicit (nondeclarative) memory
stores skills and conditioning effects
facts are stored via
semantic networks
recognition
of information is stronger than recall
retrieval of information is based on
priming interconnected nodes of the semantic network
alzheimers disease, korsakoffs syndrome, agnosia;decay;interference can all
be contributed to memory loss
learning and memory rely on changes in brain chemistry and physiology, the extent of which depends on _____, which decreases with age
neuroplasticity
long-term potentiation
responsible for the conversion of short-term to long-term memory, is the strengthening of neuronal connections resulting from increased neurotransmitter release and adding of receptor sites
