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Behavioral Sciences > Ch 1: Biology and Behavior > Flashcards

Ch 1: Biology and Behavior Flashcards

1
Q

Forebrain - contains the

A

Diencephalon & Telencephalon

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2
Q

Diencephalon (in the forebrain) - contains the

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Posterior Pituitary
Pineal Gland

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3
Q

Telencephalon (in the forebrain) - contains the

A

Basal Ganglia
Limbic System
Cerebral Cortex

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4
Q

Midbrain - contains the

A

Inferior colliculi & Superior colliculi

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5
Q

Hindbrain - contains the

A

Cerebellum
Medulla Oblongata
Pons

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6
Q

Nervous System splits into

A

CNS (central nervous system)

PNS (peripheral nervous system)

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7
Q

CNS splits into

A

Brain

Spinal Cord

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8
Q

PNS splits into

A

Somatic

Automatic (Parasympathetic & Sympathetic)

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9
Q

Sympathetic (NS branch)

A

Fight or Flight

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10
Q

Parasympathetic (NS branch)

A

Rest and Digest

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11
Q

Nerve Cells in the Nervous System travel -

A 
Sensory Neurons (afferent) to
Interneurons (skipped by Reflex Arcs) to
Motor Neurons (efferent)
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12
Q

Somatic (NS branch)

A

sensory and motor neurons in joints, skin, and muscles

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13
Q

Autonomic (NS branch)

A

manages involuntary muscles

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14
Q

Peripheral (NS branch)

A

nerve tissues and fibers outside the brain and spinal cord

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15
Q

Central (NS branch)

A

brain and spinal cord

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16
Q

Hindbrain (Rhombencephalon)

A

balance, motor coordination, breathing, digestion

Metencephalon & Myelencephalon

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17
Q

Pons

A

relays information and regulates sleep

Hindbrain - Sleep Pon’ the Bed

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18
Q

Medulla Oblongata

A

regulates breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure

Hindbrain - Gata Breath!

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19
Q

Cerebellum

A

Posture, balance, body movements

Hindbrain - Bella Balance

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20
Q

Inferior Colliculus

A

receives auditory sensory information

Midbrain

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21
Q

Superior Colliculus

A

receives visual sensory input

Midbrain - Superman has Superior Vision

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22
Q

EEG

A

electrodes to detect electrical activity

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23
Q

Hypothalamus

A

regulates homeostasis, emotional experience, endocrine function, autonomic system
Forebrain - 4 F’s for functions (Feeding, Fighting, Flighting, Sexual Functioning)

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24
Q

Hypothalamus - contains the

A 
Lateral Hypothalamus (LH)
Ventromedial Hypothalamus (VH)
Anterior Hypothalamus
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25
Lateral Hypothalamus (LH)
triggers eating and drinking
26
Ventromedial Hypothalamus (VH)
satiety center
27
Anterior Hypothalamus
controls sexual behavior
28
Thalamus
relay station for sensory information
29
Posterior Pituitary
releases ADH and Ocytocin | Forebrain, Diencephalon
30
Pineal Gland
biological rhythms and melatonin | Forebrain, Diencephalon
31
Basal Ganglia
coordiate muscle function to smooth muscle, steady posture, and relay to CNS
32
Limbic System - contains the
Amygdala, Hippocampus, and septal nuclei | Forebrain, Telencephalon
33
Amygdala
important for emotion and memory | in Limbic System
34
Hippocampus
important for memory and learning | in Limbic System; Hippos are like elephants and elephants never forget
35
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow (rCBF)
detect blood flow to parts of the brain
36
Cerebral Cortex
perceptual and cognitive processes | 4 lobes; frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
37
Frontal Lobe of CC
executive functions, impulse control, long-term planning, motor function, speech production
38
Parietal Lobe of CC
sensations of touch, pressure, temperature, and pain; spatial processing, orientation, manipulation
39
Occipital Lobe of CC
visual processing
40
Temporal Lobe of CC
sound processing, speech perception, memory, and emotion
41
Left side hearing on the Left side of brain is
Ipsilateral
42
Right side movement on Left side of brain is
Contralateral
43
Neurotransmitters in the CNS are
Dopamine Serotonin GABA Endorphins
44
Neurotransmitters in the PNS are
Epinephrine | Norepinephrine
45
Neurotransmitters in both the CNS and PNS are
Acetylcholine
46
Dopamine CNS
reward circuit CNS also maintains smooth muscle and steady posture
47
Serotonin CNS
mood, sleep, eating, and dreaming
48
GABA CNS
brain "stabilizer"
49
Endorphins CNS
painkillers, slower and longer effects
50
Acetylcholine CNS/PNS
Voluntary muscle control PNS- somatic | attention and arousal CNS
51
Epinephrine PNS
fight or flight responses; acts hormone
52
Norepinephrine PNS
wakefulness and alertness; acts neurotransmitter
53
Pituitary Gland
secretes hormones that influence behavior
54
Adrenal Medulla
endocrine organ above the kidneys that releases epinephrine and norepinephrine that cause physiological changes associated with the sympathetic system
55
Adrenal Cortex
endocrine organ above the kidneys that produces cortisol and sex hormones
56
Gonads
ovaries and testes that produce estrogen and testosterone
57
Endocrine System
hormones that communicate to different parts of the body
58
Neurotransmitters
chemical controls on behavior
59
Cortisol
stress hormone released by the adrenal cortex
60
Endocrine system is tied to the Nervous system through
hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, and few other hormones
61
Hypophyseal Portal System
connects hypothalamus and anterior pituitary which integrates NS with endocrine system
62
Nervous System develops through
Neurulation
63
Neurulation
notochord stimulates overlying ectoderm to fold, creating a neural tube topped with neural crest cells
64
Neural Tube
becomes CNS
65
Neural Crest
cells spread out throughout body differentiating into many different tissues
66
Rooting reflex
infants turn head toward anything that brushes cheek
67
Moro reflex
infant extends arm, slowly retracts, cries to a sensation of falling
68
Babinski reflex
big toe extends and other toes fan in response to the brushing of the sole of the foot
69
grasping relfex
infant grabs anything put into hands
70
Corpus Callosum
connects left and right brain hemispheres
71
Basal Ganglia Malfunctions
OCD, Parkinsons, Scitzo
72
Franz Gall
Phrenology
73
Pierre Flourens
Extirpation
74
John Dewey and William James
Functionalism
75
Paul Broca
Broca's Area
76
Hermann von Helmholtz
speed of nerve impulses
77
Sir Charles Sherington
synapses existence
78
Phrenology
particular trait well-developed would expand
79
Extirpation/Ablation
surgically removing parts of brain
80
Functionalism
mental processes how individuals adapt to environment
81
Broca's Area
inability to talk linked to lesion in area on left side brain
82
Septal Nuclei
involved in feelings of pleasure, pleasure-seeking behavior, and addiction
83
Fornix
allows hippocampus to communicate with other parts of the limbic system
84
Enkephalins
pain killer

Behavioral Sciences (4 decks)

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