ch 3: hightlighted notes - Basic Features of Bacteria Flashcards
Describe the inner and outer layers of gram + bact. cells
Inner layer: lots of peptidoglycan
Outer layer: teichoic acid
Describe the inner and outer layers of gram(-) bact. cells
Inner layer: thin layer of peptidoglycan
Outer: lipoplysaccharides
Highly toxic
Surface antigen
Periplasm: space btw the two
layers- contains hydrolytic
enzymes
____: the space btw the inner and outer layer that contains hydrolytic enzymes in a gram (-) bact’s cell wall
Periplasm
_____: invagination of cell membrane, for cell division
mesosome
_____L Contain RNA & protein → site of antibiotic action
ribosome
What a plasmids in bact. cells
fxn to contain genetic info –> extra chromosomal double stranded DNA
____ test : adds a known antisera to an organism – if it causes swelling of the capsule it is a (+) test
Quellung Rxn
____: logn hip-like process for motility
flagella
spirochetes move without a flagella
fxn of pilli
for attachment to a host cell or sex cell
_____: is a structure to protect against phagocytosis, used as an antigen in certain vaccines
capsule
__: stores the nutrients in a bact. cell
cytoplasmic granules
Bact multiply by ___ fission
binary
name and describe the 4 phases of binary fission cycle of bact.
- lag phase: No cell division
- log phase : cell divide rapidly
- Stationary phase: slow growth w/ drop in nutrient supply to the cell
- Death phase: decr in number of viable bact.
_____: organism capable of causing dx
pathogen
_____: org that rarely cause dx→ causes dx in immune-suppressed pt .
Usually from bodies ______
opportunitistic pathogen
from: normal bacterial flora
_____:Org that live on dead organic matter
saprophytic
____: the number of organisms required to cause dx
virulence
What are two virulence factors
pilli - allow adherence
capsule: protects
___: constantly present at low levels in specific pop’s
endemic
_____: org’s conti to grow w/o sx in host (hidden source of infection )
chronic carrier
(3) enzymes that allow bact. to spread to subcutaneous tiss
collagenase
hyaluronidase
fibrinolysin
(streptococcus pyogenes)
___ enzyme promotes deposition of fibrin clots –> blood coagulation–> protect the org. from phagocytosis
coagulase
staph. aurens
bact. can cause degrade of IgA→ allows the organism to adhere to mm with ___ enzyme
IgA protease
_____ bacteria enzyme that destroys neutrophils ad macrophages
leukocdins
