Ch. 3 Bone Anatomy and Processes

Question 1

Osseous Tissue

Answer 1

Another name for bone tissue

Question 2

Ossification

Answer 2

Process of bone formation

Question 3

Osteoblast

Answer 3

Bone cell that forms bone tissue (immature bone cell)

Question 4

Osteoclast

Answer 4

Bone cell that absorbs and removes bone tissue (phagocyte of bone)

Question 5

Osteocyte

Answer 5

Bone cell

Question 6

Articular Cartilage

Answer 6

Thin layer of cartilage covering the surface of bones at a joint

Question 7

Calcium

Answer 7

The most abundant mineral in the body. When combines with phosphorus is forms calcium phosphate, which is the principal calcium salt and hard material found in bones and teeth

Question 8

Cancellous Bone

Answer 8

Spongy or porous bone found at the end of long bones and in the inner portions of long bones

Question 9

Collagen

Answer 9

Structural protein making up the white fibrous strands found in bone

Question 10

Compact Bone

Answer 10

Hard, dense bone tissue that forms the outer layer of bone (Cortical bone)

Question 11

Diaphysis

Answer 11

The shaft of a long bone (plural form is diaphyses)

Question 12

Endosteum

Answer 12

The inner lining of bone. This forms the lining of the medullary cavity

Question 13

Epiphyseal Plate

Answer 13

Cartilaginous region of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place. (physis or growth plate)

Question 14

Epiphysis

Answer 14

Each end of a long bone. It is composed of cancellous bone and covered with articular cartilage (plural form is epiphyses)

Question 15

Medullary Cavity

Answer 15

Central, hollowed out portion in the shaft of a long bone that contains yellow bone marrow

Question 16

Metaphysis

Answer 16

The flared portion of a long bone between the epiphyseal plate and diaphysis

Question 17

Periosteum

Answer 17

Membrane surrounding the bone. This fibrous tissue contains blood vessels and nerves

Question 18

Red Bone Marrow

Answer 18

Found in cancellous bone and is the site of hematopoiesis (blood formation)

Question 19

Yellow Bone Marrow

Answer 19

Found in the diaphysis of bone and consists of fatty tissue

Question 20

Acetabulum

Answer 20

Cup-like depression in the pelvis that creates the hip joint

Question 21

Bone Head

Answer 21

Rounded articular process separated from the shaft of the body by the neck. The bone head is usually covered in articular cartilage

Question 22

Condyle

Answer 22

Knuckle-like projections at the distal end of some long bones. They are usually covered by articular cartilage and articulate with other bones

Question 23

Crest

Answer 23

High projection or border projection of a bone

Question 24

Foramen

Answer 24

A hole in bone that allows for the passage of nerves and vessels

Question 25

Olecranon

Answer 25

Bony process at proximal end of the ulna

Question 26

Trochanter

Answer 26

Large, blunt, roughened process on the femur for the attachment of muscles and tendons

Question 27

Tubercle

Answer 27

Rounded process on many bones for the attachment of muscles and tendons

Question 28

Tuberosity

Answer 28

Small roughened process on many bones for the attachment of muscles and tendons