Bone Pathology and Related Terms

Question 1

Achondroplasia

Answer 1

Hereditary condition in which the bones and cartilage of the limbs fail to grow to normal size (dwarfism)

Question 2

Amputation

Answer 2

Removal of a limb or other appendage

Question 3

Calcification

Answer 3

Deposit of calcium salts in tissue

Question 4

Crepitation

Answer 4

Crackling sounds produced by the grating of broken bones (crepitus)

Question 5

Decalcification

Answer 5

Loss of calcium salts in bone and teeth

Question 6

Dislocation

Answer 6

Displacement of a bone from its joint

Question 7

Fracture

Answer 7

Sudden breaking of a bone

Question 8

Herniation of IVD

Answer 8

Abnormal protrusion of an IVD into the neural cavity or spinal nerves

Question 9

Lordosis

Answer 9

Downward or ventral curvature of the lumbar spine (swayback)

Question 10

Orthopedic

Answer 10

Branch of surgery dealing with the skeletal system

Question 11

Osteoporosis

Answer 11

Decreased bone density due to loss of bone tissue. Bones become porous and fragile (can break easily), in animals it is caused by malnutrition

Question 12

Reduction

Answer 12

Correction of a fracture. There are open reductions (after incision) and closed reductions (without incision)

Question 13

Kyphosis

Answer 13

Abnormal, increased dorsal curvature of the spine (hunchback)

Question 14

Laminectomy

Answer 14

Removal of part of the vertebral arch to relieve pressure from a ruptured IVD

Question 15

Abduction

Answer 15

Movement away from the midline of the body

Question 16

Adduction

Answer 16

Movement toward the midline of the body

Question 17

Extension

Answer 17

Increasing the angle between two bones at a joint

Question 18

Flexion

Answer 18

Decreasing the angle between two bones at a joint

Question 19

Ambulatory

Answer 19

Able to walk

Question 20

Atrophy

Answer 20

No development due to a decrease from the normal cell size

Question 21

Fascia

Answer 21

Fibrous connective tissue that envelopes, separates, and supports the muscles

Question 22

Hyperplasia

Answer 22

Increased development due to an increase in cell numbers

Question 23

Hypertrophy

Answer 23

Excessive development due to increase in cell size

Question 24

Hypoplasia

Answer 24

Incomplete development due to decrease in cell numbers

Question 25

Laxity

Answer 25

Looseness

Question 26

Myasthenia

Answer 26

Muscle weakness

Question 27

Myasthenia Gravis

Answer 27

Syndrome of muscular weakness that is aggravated by activity and relieved by rest

Question 28

Tenosynovitis

Answer 28

Inflammation of the tendon and tendon sheath. May be seen with chronic arthritis or injuries such as paw lacerations on lawn edging

Question 29

Tetany

Answer 29

Continuous muscle spasms or twitching

Question 30

Tonus

Answer 30

Muscle tone, balanced muscle tension

Question 31

Gait

Answer 31

Manner of walking

Question 32

Lame

Answer 32

Incapable of normal locomotion

Question 33

Luxation

Answer 33

Displacement of a bone from its joint (dislocation)`

Question 34

Subluxation

Answer 34

Partial displacement of a bone from its joint