Ch. 2 Cellular Terminology

Question 1

Cell Membrane

Answer 1

Semipermeable structure that surrounds and protects the cell

Question 2

Chromosomes

Answer 2

Rod-like structures containing regions of DNA called genes

Question 3

Cytoplasm

Answer 3

Material inside the cell membrane that surrounds the nucleus

Question 4

DNA

Answer 4

The basic structure of genes that directs all cell activity and transmits genetic information; deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 5

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 5

Protein factory where proteins are made from simple materials

• Smooth ER synthesizes lipids
• Rough ER synthesizes proteins

Question 6

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 6

Processing factory where proteins are stored, modified, and transported

Question 7

Lysosome

Answer 7

Site of intracellular digestion containing enzymes to disintegrate microorganisms and damaged tissue

Question 8

Mitochondria

Answer 8

Energy factory of the cell in which foods are burned for energy

Question 9

Nuclues

Answer 9

The control center of the cell that contains chromosomes

Question 10

Nucleolus

Answer 10

Site of RNA synthesis

Question 11

Ribosomes

Answer 11

Structures found in ER containing RNA and the site of protein synthesis