Ch 3 All Questions Flashcards

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1
Q

Why is a fitness assessment important?

A

A fitness assessment provides an estimated measure of a client’s fitness level, revealing strengths and weaknesses to tailor an exercise program that fits the client’s specific needs.

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2
Q

What information should trainers gather from pre-testing questionnaires?

A

Trainers should gather medical history, current lifestyle, and fitness activities to understand how these factors may affect the client’s exercise program.

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3
Q

How can consistent monitoring and recording of assessment results benefit a client?

A

Monitoring and recording results can reveal areas of weakness that need improvement and can serve as a motivational tool when positive changes are observed.

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4
Q

Why is it important to determine the necessity of a personal trainer during a fitness assessment?

A

A personal trainer guides and designs an exercise regimen tailored to the client’s needs, but accurate information from an initial fitness assessment is crucial for successful program design.

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5
Q

What areas are covered during the initial assessment?

A

The initial assessment involves acquiring information about the client’s general history, medical history, lifestyle, and habits.

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6
Q

Why might a personal trainer need to ask a client to get medical clearance?

A

If issues of concern are revealed during the assessment, a personal trainer may require the client to get medical clearance before making any exercise recommendations.

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7
Q

What should a personal trainer do after completing the assessment?

A

The personal trainer should review each part of the evaluation to design an exercise regimen compatible with the client’s lifestyle, discussing the assessment with the client instead of simply reading questionnaire responses.

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8
Q

Why is asking additional questions crucial during the initial assessment?

A

Additional questions can reveal details that ensure the optimum program design for the client, helping the personal trainer to address specific needs and goals effectively.

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9
Q

Why is knowledge of a client’s occupation important in designing an exercise program?

A

It helps schedule workouts around the client’s current activities and allows trainers to be creative in managing exercise time efficiently.

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10
Q

How can a personal trainer tailor exercise routines based on a client’s occupation?

A

By understanding factors like work hours, workplace facilities, and the physical demands of the job, trainers can design suitable workout plans.

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11
Q

What factors should a personal trainer consider regarding a client’s work or lifestyle?

A

Repetitive movements, duration of standing and sitting, and the stress level of the job are important factors to consider when tailoring workouts.

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12
Q

Why is understanding a client’s lifestyle important in fitness assessment?

A

It provides personal information about hobbies, activities, and preferences, helping trainers make recommendations that fit the client’s lifestyle.

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13
Q

How can occasional sporting activities be incorporated into an exercise regimen?

A

Trainers can assist clients in incorporating occasional sports like tennis or golf into their exercise routines for overall health benefits.

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14
Q

What are some small lifestyle changes that can improve fitness levels?

A

Taking the stairs instead of the elevator and making healthy snack choices can enhance fitness levels gradually.

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15
Q

Why is analyzing a client’s nutrition habits essential in the assessment?

A

It helps trainers understand eating patterns and make recommendations for healthy eating choices that complement exercise routines.

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16
Q

How do sub-sections in the initial assessment aid both trainers and clients?

A

They provide a structured approach to gather information and help trainers design personalized workout plans tailored to clients’ lifestyles and goals.

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17
Q

Why is detailed information about past injuries important in a fitness assessment?

A

Past injuries can affect a client’s ability to perform certain exercises, so trainers need to consider them when designing workout plans.

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18
Q

What should a personal trainer do if a client has new injuries?

A

If a client has new injuries (within the last year), the trainer may require a medical release form before beginning an exercise routine and should adjust the workout plan accordingly.

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19
Q

Why does a personal trainer need to know about a client’s surgical history?

A

Surgical procedures may have physical or physiological effects that impact exercise capabilities, so trainers must consider them when designing workout plans.

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20
Q

What types of chronic conditions should a trainer inquire about in the assessment?

A

Conditions such as shin splints, sciatica, arthritis, and hypertension are common ailments that trainers should be aware of when designing exercise regimens.

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21
Q

How can trainers accommodate clients with chronic conditions?

A

Trainers can incorporate specific stretches and exercises that focus on problematic areas while avoiding exercises that cause excessive discomfort.

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22
Q

Why is it important for trainers to know about a client’s medication history?

A

Knowing a client’s current and past medications, as well as any allergies, helps trainers understand potential side effects and adjust workout plans accordingly.

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23
Q

How might certain medications affect a client’s workout?

A

Medications like diuretics, which increase urine production, may lead to increased sweating and urination during workouts, necessitating electrolyte replenishment.

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24
Q

What should trainers do if a client has medication allergies?

A

Trainers should be aware of medication allergies and environmental allergies to ensure the client’s safety during workouts, potentially recommending carrying an Epipen for severe allergic reactions.

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25
Q

Why is it important for personal trainers to be detailed when performing the initial assessment?

A

Being detailed allows trainers to gather as much information as possible to create a specific exercise regimen tailored to the client’s needs and goals.

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26
Q

What are some key sections included in the example initial client assessment form?

A

Sections include general history (occupation, work conditions), lifestyle (hobbies, physical activities, nutrition), and medical history (injuries, surgeries, conditions, medications).

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27
Q

What is the purpose of the PAR-Q questionnaire?

A

The PAR-Q is a basic health screening tool used to assess if a client needs medical clearance before starting an exercise regimen. A ‘yes’ answer to any question requires a physician’s clearance.

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28
Q

What printable forms are available for health screening in the ACTION Personal Training System?

A

Printable forms include PAR-Q, PARMED-X (for medical clearance), and PARMED-X for Pregnancy (for pregnant clients).

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29
Q

What information does the Lifestyle Questionnaire gather?

A

The Lifestyle Questionnaire collects background information about a client’s health, fitness, and nutritional habits to develop an overall picture of their current health and wellness.

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30
Q

What sections are covered in the Medical Screening form?

A

The Medical Screening form includes sections for emergency contact and physician’s information, as well as details on the client’s general medical background, lifestyle, cardiovascular screening, musculoskeletal conditions, and nutritional information.

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31
Q

What is pulse?

A

Pulse is the frequency of the heart beat, representing the number of heartbeats per minute (BPM).

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32
Q

How is pulse measured?

A

Pulse is measured by counting the number of heart beats for 10 seconds and then multiplying by 6 to determine the heart rate in beats per minute (BPM).

33
Q

Where are the two most common sites for measuring pulse?

A

The two most common sites for measuring pulse are the wrist (radial pulse) and the neck (carotid pulse).

34
Q

What is the normal resting heart rate for adults?

A

The normal resting heart rate for adults is between 60-100 BPM, with the average being approximately 70 BPM.

35
Q

How can maximum heart rate be calculated?

A

Maximum heart rate can be estimated using the equation: Maximum heart rate = 220 - age.

36
Q

What is blood pressure?

A

Blood pressure is the pressure of the blood against the walls of the arteries, measured in millimeter mercury (mmHg).

37
Q

How is blood pressure reading denoted?

A

Blood pressure reading consists of two numbers: systolic pressure (the pressure of the contracting heart) over diastolic pressure (the pressure of the heart when it is relaxing between beats).

38
Q

What is considered normal blood pressure for adults?

A

Normal blood pressure for adults is considered to be 120 over 80 mmHg.

39
Q

What factors can affect blood pressure?

A

What factors can affect blood pressure?

40
Q

What is flexibility?

A

Flexibility is the ability of the body to adjust to various positions and is a key element of overall physical fitness.

41
Q

How is flexibility commonly tested?

A

Flexibility is commonly tested using the sit-and-reach test, which measures the flexibility of the lower back and hamstrings.

42
Q

What is posture?

A

Posture involves keeping the body straight and upright during daily activities to minimize strain on the body and maintain proper alignment of bones and joints.

43
Q

What is body fat?

A

Body fat is the percentage of fat the body contains, necessary for regulating body temperature, protecting organs, and serving as an energy source.

44
Q

How is Body Mass Index (BMI) calculated?

A

BMI is calculated as weight (kg) divided by height (m) squared, or weight (lb) divided by height (in) squared, multiplied by 703 for imperial units.

45
Q

What does the step test measure?

A

The step test measures cardiovascular endurance and overall aerobic capacity by assessing an individual’s ability to exercise continuously for extended periods without becoming excessively fatigued.

46
Q

What is the purpose of the walk test?

A

What is the purpose of the walk test?

47
Q

What do muscular performance tests assess?

A

Muscular performance tests assess both muscle endurance and muscle strength through exercises such as push-ups, sit-ups, and squats.

48
Q

How thorough should each initial assessment be?

A

A trainer can decide whether a thorough personal and physical assessment is necessary and right for every client on an individual basis.

49
Q

What steps should a trainer take to gather necessary information about the client?

A

The trainer should conduct an initial interview and conversation, in addition to any questionnaires that need to be filled out. They should also perform a visual assessment of the client.

50
Q

Why might a full physical assessment not be suitable for certain clients?

A

A full physical assessment may put clients under unnecessary stress and pressure, discouraging them from starting a fitness program.

51
Q

What factors might lead a trainer to decide on a full physical assessment for a client?

A

Factors such as the client’s current fitness level, exercise routine, goals, and any existing medical conditions may warrant a full physical assessment.

52
Q

How can a trainer determine the appropriate exercise regimen for a client without a full physical assessment?

A

By knowing the client’s medical history, family history, height, weight, and BMI, the trainer can design an exercise regimen tailored to the client’s needs.

53
Q

What should a trainer consider to avoid injuring or embarrassing the client during assessments?

A

The trainer should use their judgment to avoid tests that may cause injury or embarrassment to the client, especially if the client has pre-existing conditions or feels uncomfortable with certain exercises.

54
Q

Give an example of a situation where a client might feel embarrassed during an initial assessment.

A

An overweight client might feel embarrassed if asked to perform a sit-up test during the initial assessment.

55
Q

How should a trainer handle clients with poor fitness levels during assessments?

A

Trainers should be mindful of clients’ fitness levels and avoid tests that may cause discouragement due to poor performance. They should focus on building confidence and setting achievable goals.

56
Q

What is the trainer’s primary responsibility during assessments?

A

The trainer’s primary responsibility is to ensure the safety and well-being of the client by using their judgment to avoid injury and embarrassment.

57
Q

What factors should a personal trainer consider when deciding on the timing of fitness assessments?

A

The client’s current physiological and emotional state, sleep quality, and nutrition intake.

58
Q

Why might it be beneficial to postpone a fitness assessment for a client who had poor sleep and hasn’t eaten?

A

Poor sleep and lack of nutrition can negatively impact performance and motivation during assessments, leading to inaccurate results.

59
Q

When is a follow-up assessment typically recommended after the initial assessment?

A

Six to eight weeks later, as clients usually demonstrate significant changes and improvements during this time frame.

60
Q

How should a personal trainer tailor tests according to a client’s needs?

A

Tests should be modified or omitted based on the client’s condition, strengths, weaknesses, and any pre-existing conditions.

61
Q

Why might a flexibility test such as the sit-and-reach be omitted for a client post-C-section?

A

Limited flexibility due to the C-section could lead to injury if the client is forced into stretches beyond their capabilities.

62
Q

Why should a personal trainer listen to a client’s long-term goals and expectations regarding assessments?

A

To tailor assessments according to the client’s goals and provide a comprehensive understanding of their current fitness levels.

63
Q

How often should follow-up fitness tests be performed, and why?

A

Regular intervals or every six months, depending on the client’s preference and the need for progress tracking.

64
Q

What should a personal trainer do if assessments show little change and risk discouraging the client?

A

Perform different tests at different intervals to avoid discouragement and accurately track progress.

65
Q

What is the recommended order of fitness assessment tests?

A
  1. Non-fatiguing tests, 2. Agility tests, 3. Maximal strength and power tests, 4. Sprint tests, 5. Muscular endurance tests, 6. Flexibility tests.
66
Q

Why is it important to perform warm-up and cool-down stretching exercises before and after assessments?

A

To prevent muscle tearing and injury during assessments.

67
Q

What alternative test can be used instead of the beep test for beginning clients with lower fitness levels?

A

The walking test, which involves walking a mile at a comfortable pace and recording heart rate after the walk.

68
Q

What should a personal trainer consider when choosing flexibility tests for clients with limited range of motion?

A

Using tests like the trunk rotation or groin flexibility test to accommodate limited range of motion.

69
Q

What is the purpose of the ACTION PTS Body Composition assessment tools?

A

The purpose is to estimate body fat and lean mass levels using girth measurements, establish a baseline, track progress over time, and identify areas for improvement.

70
Q

What are the two methods for estimating body composition in the ACTION PTS assessment?

A

Method 1: Girth Measurements and Method 2: Estimated Girth Measurements Using Clothing Size.

71
Q

What does the ACTION PTS Cardiovascular Assessment determine?

A

It determines resting heart rate and estimates VO2 Maximum value for clients.

72
Q

What are the methods used to determine Estimated VO2 Maximum in the ACTION PTS assessment?

A

Cooper 12 Minute Distance Test, Rockport 1 Mile Test, Bruce Treadmill Test, and Direct Input Method (Other).

73
Q

What does the ACTION PTS Strength Assessment estimate for each major muscle group?

A

It estimates a 1 Repetition Maximum value.

74
Q

What is the goal of the ACTION PTS Ease of Movement Assessment?

A

The goal is to test functional range of motion across key joints and check for even flexibility on both sides of the body.

75
Q

What is the purpose of the ACTION PTS Functional Assessment?

A

It tests overall core stability, endurance, and the ability to perform basic tasks.

76
Q

What does the ACTION PTS Digital Posture Analysis assess?

A

It assesses muscle imbalances, postural issues, core weaknesses, and potential causes of long-term problems through rear and side profile analysis.

77
Q

What are the four key elements of Progress Tracking in the ACTION PTS?

A

Measurement Tracking, Fitness Assessment Tracking, Nutritional Tracking, and Competition Tracking.

78
Q

What factors should trainers consider when performing fitness assessments?

A

Trainers should standardize conditions, consider client factors like sleep and nutrition, and choose appropriate tests based on fitness level and goals.