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Psych 2000 final > Ch. 3 > Flashcards

Ch. 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

neurons

A

fundamental units of the brain and nervous system

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2
Q

nucleus (neuron)

A

controls the entire neuron

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3
Q

dendrites ( neuron)

A

receives signals from other cells

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4
Q

cell membrane (neuron)

A

protects the cell

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5
Q

cell body (neuron)

A

keeps cell functional

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6
Q

axon (neuron)

A

transfers signals to other cells and organs

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7
Q

axon terminal (neuron)

A

forms junctions with other cells

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8
Q

neurotransmitter

A

chemical messenger of the nervous system

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9
Q

forebrain

A

largest part of brain

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10
Q

reticular formation (midbrain)

A

important in regulating the sleep/wake cycle, arousal,
alertness, and motor activity

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11
Q

substantia nigra (midbrain)

A

where dopamine is produced; involved in control of movement

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12
Q

ventral tegmental area (midbrain)

A

where dopamine is produced; associated with mood, reward, and addiction.

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13
Q

Medulla ( hindbrain)

A

automated processes like breathing, blood pressure, and heart rate

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14
Q

pons (hindbrain)

A

connects the brain and the spinal cord; involved in regulating brain activity during sleep

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15
Q

cerebellum (hindbrain)

A

balance, coordination, movement, and motor skills

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16
Q

cerebral cortex (forebrain)

A

consciousness, thought, emotion, reasoning, language and memory

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17
Q

4 lobes of cerebral cortex

A

POFT: Partial lobe, occipital lobe, frontal lobe, temporal lobe

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18
Q

frontal lobe

A

motor control, emotion, and language

19
Q

motor cortex ( frontal)

A

strip of cortex involved in planning and coordinating movement

20
Q

prefrontal cortex (frontal)

A

higher-level cognitive functioning.

21
Q

broca’s area (frontal)

A

Damage to Broca’s area leads to difficulties producing language, language production

22
Q

Parietal lobe

A

processing various
sensory and perceptual
information

23
Q

somatosensory cortex (paritel)

A

processing sensory information from across the body, such as touch, temperature, and pain

24
Q

temporal lobe

A

hearing, memory, emotion and some aspects of language

25
Q

auditory cortex (temporal)

A

processing auditory information

26
Q

wernicke’s area (temporal)

A

speech comprehension, Damage to Wernicke’s area results in difficulty
understanding language

27
Q

occipital lobe

A

visual processing

28
Q

limbic system

A

emotion and memory circuit

29
Q

amygdala (limbic)

A

emotion and tying emotional meaning to our memories, processing fear

30
Q

hypothalamus (limbic)

A

body temperature,
appetite and blood pressure

31
Q

thalamus (limbic)

A

relay center of the brain where most senses are routed for processing

32
Q

cingulate cortex (limbic)

A

linking reward and punishment information

33
Q

hippocampus (limbic)

A

memory and learning

34
Q

Central nervous system (CNS)

A

brain and spinal cord

35
Q

brain

A

left hemisphere VS right hemisphere, connected to spine

36
Q

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

A

nerves

37
Q

somatic (PNS)

A

-relays sensory and motor information to and from the CNS

38
Q

autonomic (PNS)

A

controls our internal organs and glands

39
Q

sympathetic ( autonomic)

A

dilates pupil, inhibits salivation, increases heart rate

40
Q

parasympathetic (autonomic)

A

constricts pupil, stimulates salivation, slows heart rate

41
Q

EEG

A

recording the electrical activity of the brain via electrodes on the scalp

42
Q

PET

A

showing activity in different parts of the brain, injecting radioactive into the brain

43
Q

MRI

A

magnetic fields used to produce a
picture of the tissue being imaged

44
Q

FMRI

A

shows activity in the brain over
time

Psych 2000 final (11 decks)

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