ch 29.1-29.4 Flashcards
round, three-dimensional object, the surface of witch is the same distance from the center in all directions
sphere
ellipse
is earth a perfect sphere
The diamiter is wider then pole to pole, No
what are some ancient observations that shows earth is a sphere
and object falls straight down, the earths shadow on the moon is cerved, people on the other side of earth see diferent starts
what are two factors that affect gravitational strganth
masses and distance
what dores the magnetic field portect earth from
harmful radiation from sun
whitch hemishpere is the north megnetic pole located in
northern pole
whatch dergrees does earths axes tillt
11.7degrees
can this evenct magnetic poles change
yes
what is the name of the large scale movement where the magnetic poles swich
magnetic reversal
when does the magnetic poles swich
every 200,000 years
whitch part of the earhs magnetic field deflects harmful radiation from the sun
magnetosphere
what are they two names for the northern and southern lights
Aurors Borealis (northern lights) Aurora Australis ( southern lights)
how are the Auroras created?
electrically-charged particles collide with atomsphere and emit light
when is earth closest and farthest from the sun
eary january- 147 million km
July- 152 millon km
an area 15 dregrees wide in which the time is the same
time zone
the spining of Earth on it’s axis(an imaginaty line drawn from Earth’s north pole to south pole
rotation
motion pf Earth in an elliptical ordit around the sun
revolution
plane of earths obit around the sun
ecliptic
occurs when earht’s rotational axis is tilted directly toward the sun or away from the sun
solstice
earth’s rotational axis is perpendicular to a line drawn from the center of the Earth’ to the center of the sun
equinox
who devised a method of timekeeping around 3000 B.C.?
Babylonians
what was the symbol foe degree taken from?
taken from their symbol for the sun
How many degrees does the earth spin in on day?
360 degrees
How many hours does it take the eath to make one full rotstion?
24 hours (23 hours 56 minutes)
How many degrees does the earth spin in one hour?
15 degrees
What direction does the sun rise?
east
What direction does the sun set?
west
True or False: All time zones are the exact same size?
False they are modigied to fit around cities, states, and country borders, and other key sites
How many time zones are there in the world?
24 time zones
Which direction do you move to add hours to the time?
east
which direction do you move to subtract hours from the time?
west
How many time zones are there in the United States?
6 time zones
What are the nameds of the time zones in the United States?
Alantic, Pacific, mountain, estern, sentral, hawallan,
What is a solar day?
noon one day to noon the other day
What is a sideral day?
looking at one star one night and then that same star the next night
What are the two main reasons for seasons?
revelution and the tillt of the axis
Which two seasons have a solstice?
summer winter
Which month is the summer solstice?
june
Which month is the winter solstice?
december 21
Which two seasons are equinoxes?
spring fall
Which is the spring rquinox?
march 20th 21st
Which month is the fall equinox?
september 22nd 23rd
When is the longest day of the year?
summer solstice
Which is the shortest day of the year?
december solstice
When are the days almost 12 hours of day and 12 hours of a night?
equinoxes
rise or fall in the oceans surface
tide
reflects the change in appearance of the moon as seen from Earth
moon phase
occurs when Earth moves directly between the sun and the moon casts a shadow on the moon
solar eclipse
occurs when Earth passes between the sun, the moon and casts a shadow on the moon
lunar eclipse
the dark-colored, flat, lava-filled regions on the moons surface
maria
later of dusty lunar material produced by collision between asteroids and comets and the moon
regolith
How many days does it take the moon to revolve around Earth?
27.3 days
A commplete lunat phase cycle takes 29.5 days, what is this called?synodc month
Do we ever see the back side of the moon?
no
what causes a tide to rise or fall?
gravitational pull by the sun and the moon
what is the rise of sea leavel called?
high tide
After the sea level rises how many hours does it take for the sea level to drop?
6 hours later
Which is farther from Earth, the sun or the moon?
sun
Does the moon or the sun cause s greater effect on Earth’s tides?
moon
How are the sun, the earth, the moon aligned foe a spring tide
they are in a stragit line Sun, Earth, Moon
How are the earth, the sun and the moon aligned for the neap tide
they are in a 90 drgree angle
what does the phase of the moon you see depend on
positions of the moon, earth, and sun
when does a new moon occur
when the moon is between the earth or the sun
how many pases of the moon are there?
8
what is the definition of waxing phases?
the portion that we see apperars larger waxh night
what is the defintion of a warning phases?
the ilumination of the moon gets less and less each night
what are the moon phases names?
New moon, waxing crescent, 1st quarter, waxing gibbous, full, warning gibbous, 3rd quarter warning crescent
where is the word month derived from?
root word from moon
how is the earth, moon and sun aligned during a solar eclipse?
sun, moon, earth
what is an unbra?
the darkest pfrtion of the moons shadow
what is an penumbra
the lightes part of the moon
how is the earth, moon, and sun aligned during a lunar eclipse
sun, earth, moon
how are the depressions on the moon formed?
astored, meeterigs, coments mageret,
are there mountains on the moon
yes
which side of the moon is thinker
the dark side of the moon is thinker
is the mantle if the moon a solid or a liquid
solid
what did the Clementine spacecraft do? (2 things)
Confirmed that the ncrust on the side facing earth is much thiner. provided information on the mineral content of the moon
what did the lunar Prospector do?( 3 things)
orbif the moon taking photographs,confirmed that the moon has
iron-rich core about 600km in diameter, and collected evidence that supports the presence of water-ice Moon
what is the giant impact Theory?
Mars sized object collided earth sending dabry into ordet creating a large mass called the moon
