Ch. 28.1-28.4 Flashcards
layer extending and average of 12 km above Earths surface
tropospher
occurs when ari temperature increases with altitude and the air becomes stable
temperature inversion
natural process in which certain gases in the atmospher warm a planet as they absorb and emit infrared radiation
greenhouse effect
how are the atmosher layers devided?
difference of composition and temperature
what gass makes up the morgorary of the atmospher
nitrogen at 78%
which gass makes up 21% of the atmospher
oxygen at 21%
what is the remaning 1% of atmospher? the morgrady of theses gasses?
trace gasses/ Argon
within the troposphere does the temperature increas or decreas?
decrease going up
who many layrs ar ein the atomsphere
5
what are the names of the lyers from the serface up?
tropospher stradosphere, meosphere, thermalsphere,exosphere
which layer is the ozone fond in
stradosphere
withint stradosphehere doestemp increas or decreas
increas
does temperture increas or decreas in the mesosphere
the lower mesosphere decreas higher mesophere (80km) invcreas
do the thrmosphere and exosphere impact weather?
no
where does 100% of solar radiation come from
sun
what percent of solar radiation is obsorbed by nearths serface
50%
what percent of sloar radiation is refletive of of earths surface`
5%
what percent is absorbed by particals in the atmosphere
20%
what percentagem of solar radiation is reflective by clods and other particals?
25%
what are the 3 basic clod types
stratus, cumulus, cirrus
discrib stratus clods
layered sheet-like clods
discrib cumulus clods
puffy
discrib cirrus clods
wispy high-altitude
what are all the steps of the water cycle
percipitation, runoff, condensation, evaparation, transpirtation
narrow band of fast-moving, high-altitude air
jet stream
apparent deflection of an object due to earth’s rotation
coriolis effect
large volume of air with uniform moisture and temperature throughout
air mass
aif messes interact in zones
weather front
who many jet streams are therer in the world?
4
who many pressure system are there?
2
what are low pressure system also called
a Low (L)
which derection does a Low go
counter-clock wise
what reasslts for the Low pressure system?
ionair rises causing cloud formation and preciptation
what is a high pressure-system also called
High (H)
Witvh derection does a high pressure-system truns
clockwise
what is a resalt of this pressure system
air to sinck causing clear skys
what are the 4 wearther fronts?
cold, warm, sationary, occluded
how are clod fronts creatied
when cold air forces warm air upward in fast and chaotic manner
who are cold fronts shown on the news
blue riangles
how are warm frots creatied
warm air fwntuly above colf air
how are warm fronts shown on the news
red circels
how is stationary front formed
cold and warm air masses meet and neither front advances
how are stationarty front shown on the news
red half cirls and blue triangles rotating top and bottom of line
How is occluded front formed
a fast-moving cold front overtskes a slow moving warm front
how do the news show this
with purple half circels and triangles rotating
cliamte that is strongly affected by an ocean
Maritime climat
climate that is not directly affected by an ocean
Continental climate
a breeze the blows from over the water toward land in the afternoon when the land is warmer than the water
sea breeze
What is climate
Long term average of weather conditions
what is weather
day to day outside conditions
What are the five spheres that make up earths system
Atmosphere, Cryosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere
what is the atomsphere
air around us
what is the biosphere
everything organic
what is hydrosphere
liquid water
what is lithosphere
earths outermost layer
what is cryosphere
frozen water ( snow, ice, glaciers)
what is the prymaer facter that influences climate at any given location
Latituded
where is solar radiation most intense on Earth’s serface?
equater
at what dergrees do the sunraise hit the tropical zones?
90 drgeres
what dergrees do the sunraise hit earth at the tinter zones?
45 dregers
what degrees do the r\sunraise hit the poler zones
30 drgres
whitch zone is lamar CO going to be located in?
temperet
what facters determan climate
precipitation, Lattiud, water
what is the windward side conditions like?
air cool and wet, montains have lots of plants
what are the conditions like on the leeward side
conditions dry and trees only grow past a scerten part
what is a land breez
thw wind blows from the land to water when its night
whitch climangt zone and what type of veucation does Colorado have
climate- warm semi-arid Veucation- grassland
increase in the average temperatures of earth’s near-surface air and oceans
global warming
warming of the Pacific oceans off the coast of western South America that occurs every 3 to 10 years
El Nino
occurs when trade winds in the Pacific are unusually strong and surface water is colder then normal
La Nina
what are two seasonal changes that earth’s climate undergoes
how do seasonal changeces occur?
how earth revolvs around the sun
whitch hemisphere experienc summer
the hemisphere the is tilled to sun
what was the porid of time called when most of earth’s serface was covered in ice
ice age
apout how long ago did the words climate reach its cerent patner
3,000
what are some factersz that can cause climant chang
shap of the orbat, distance from the sun, the tillt of the axes
how can humans chang the climant change
energy consuption, deforeststation, industral, angucaltral practices
what is deforestaition
clearing of larg areas os forest land
how does deforestation afecct climate change
takes oxign
