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Physical science > ch 25 > Flashcards

ch 25 Flashcards

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1
Q

A system of mountain ranges with a rift valley between them that extends around earth on the seafloor; formed where oceanic plates spread apart due to magma rising from Earths mantle.

A

mid-ocean range

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2
Q

long narrow depression formed in between the peaks along the mid-oceanic ridge.

A

rift valley

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3
Q

boundary where two plated collide, produces either subduction zones or continental collisions.

A

convergent plate boundary

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4
Q

the movement of a dence oceanic plate under a buoyant continental plate.

A

subduction

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5
Q

The boundary between two plates that are moving apart.

A

Divergent plate boundary

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6
Q

Tectonic plate boundary in witch plates side horizontally past each other in opposite directions.

A

Transform plate boundary

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7
Q

Sudden movement or vibration of the ground that occurs when rocks slip along enormous cracks in earths crust.

A

Earthquake

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8
Q

Crack in earths crust along along witch rock has moves.

A

Fault

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9
Q

The sudden release of stain energy from rock as it moves along a fault.

A

Elastic rebound

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10
Q

Point of origin for an earthquake the point from which seismic waves originate.

A

Focus

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11
Q

The point on earths surface directly above the focus of an earthquake?

A

Epicenter

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12
Q

Who came up with the continental drift hypothesis?

A

Alfred wegener

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13
Q

What are some evidence for the continental drift?

A
  1. The coastal lines match up like a puzzle peace.
  2. Mountain ranges with the same rock type
  3. Fossil
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14
Q

what was the super continental draft?

A

Pangaea

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15
Q

Who came up with the Seafloor spreading hypothesis?

A

Harry Hess

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16
Q

How did Harry Hess discover seafloor spreading hypotheses?

A

he used sonar

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17
Q

What did Harry Hess discover using sonar?

A

mid-ocean ridge

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18
Q

On the ocean floor where is the newer rock formed?

A

closer to the MOR

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19
Q

What are the three types of plate boundary?

A
  1. divergent boundary
  2. convergent boundary
  3. transform boundary
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20
Q

How do convergent plate boundaries move?

A

the collide together

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21
Q

Abduction only happens with witch type of plate boundary?

A

convergent plate boundaries

22
Q

What types of crusts do we have?

A
  1. continental crust

2. oceanic crust

23
Q

what crust has to be present for volcanic action to occur?

A

oceanic crust

24
Q

if two Continental crust convert what will happen?

A

a mountain with be formed

25
Q

if an oceanic crust and a Continental crust coverage what with happen?

A

a deep sea trench and volcanoes

26
Q

what can be created when two oceanic crust come together?

A

deep sea trench and volcanic islands

27
Q

What do hot spots create?

A

volcanic islands

28
Q

How do Divergent Plate Boundaries move?

A

the move away from each other

29
Q

What is an example of Divergent Plate Boundaries?

A
  1. MOR (only oceanic)

2. East Africa Rift(only continental)

30
Q

How do Transform Plate Boundaries move?

A

They slide horizontally past each other

31
Q

What is an example of a Transform Plate Boundaries?

A

San Andreas

32
Q

What types of crust are involved with Transform plate boundaries?

A

only continental

33
Q

What is a Convection current?

A
  1. magma heats up, becomes less dense, and rises

2. magma cools, becomes more dense, and sinks

34
Q

witch plate boundaries have shallow earthquakes?

A

divergent and transform

35
Q

witch plate boundaries have a deeper earthquake?

A

convergent

36
Q

what are the four types of stress are applied to rock that can cause earthquakes?

A
  1. compression stress
  2. a tension stress
  3. a shear stress
  4. torsion stress
37
Q

what are the two types if deformation?

A

elastic and plastic

38
Q

what happens during elastic deformation?

A

when the stress is removed it returns to its original shape.

39
Q

what happens during plastic deformation?

A

remains in new shape when the stress is released.

40
Q

how many sizemic waves are there?

A

there are three seismic waves.

  1. primary waves
  2. secondary waves
  3. surface waves
41
Q

what are the two types of body waves?

A

primary waves and secondary waves

42
Q

what type of wave is primary wave?

A

compression

43
Q

what is the fastest waves?

A

primary waves

44
Q

what type of materials do p-waves travel through?

A

solid and liquid

45
Q

what type of wave is secondary?

A

transverse waves

46
Q

what type of material do s-waves travel through?

A

only solids

47
Q

what types of waves do the most damage?

A

surface waves

48
Q

what are the two scales to measure earthquakes?

A
  1. Richter

2. mercralli

49
Q

what does the rchter scale measure?

A

the amount of energy realest

50
Q

what does the macalli scale measure?

A

the amount of damage

Physical science (14 decks)

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