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BIO235 A&P WileyPLUS > CH 24 The Digestive System > Flashcards

CH 24 The Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

Inflammation of which organ begins with referred pain in the umbilical region, followed by anorexia, nausea, and vomiting?

a. anal canal
b. ileum
c. appendix
d. ascending colon

A

c. appendix

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2
Q

The myenteric plexus controls GI tract motility. These neurons are:

a. pure motor neurons
b. pure sensory neurons
c. motor, sensory and interneurons
d. motor and sensory neurons

A

a. pure motor neurons

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3
Q

Which of the following are true regarding pancreatic cancer?

a. very symptomatic in early stages
b. occurs more frequently in females
c. high cure rate
d. linked to genetic factors

A

d. linked to genetic factors

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4
Q

A surgical procedure to allow movement of the tongue would involve the:

a. papillae
b. labial frenulum
c. uvula
d. lingual frenulum

A

d. lingual frenulum

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5
Q

All of the following are true of cholecystokinin (CCK) EXCEPT:

a. stimulates the secretion of pancreatic juice rich in digestive enzymes
b. secreted by CCK cells of intestinal glands in the small intestine
c. stimulates the pancreas to produce bicarbonate ions
d. causes bile ejection from gallbladder and opening of the sphincter of the hepatopancreatic ampulla

A

c. stimulates the pancreas to produce bicarbonate ions

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6
Q

In response to decreased blood volume due to dehydration, the digestive system would respond by:

a. inactivating angiotensinogen
b. absorbing dietary calcium and phosphorus salts
c. absorbing additional iron that is needed for synthesis of hemoglobin
d. absorbing more water

A

d. absorbing more water

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7
Q

After the mouth, food moves into the:

a. laryngopharynx
b. nasopharynx
c. esophagus
d. oropharynx

A

d. oropharynx

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8
Q

Which of the following disorders may be present in a patient exhibiting pain, constipation or increased frequency of defecation, nausea, vomiting, and low-grade fever?

a. hepatitis A
b. achalasia
c. peptic ulcer disease
d. colorectal cancer
e. diverticulitis

A

e. diverticulitis

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9
Q

The enzyme carbonic anhydrase, which is especially plentiful in parietal cells, catalyzes the formation of:

a. carbonic acid
b. hydrochloric acid
c. pepsin
d. intrinsic factor

A

a. carbonic acid

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10
Q

Alcohol and smoking contribute to GERD by causing:

a. constriction of the upper esophageal sphincter
b. the epiglottis to relax
increased secretion of mucus
c. relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter
d. relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter
e. constriction of the lower esophageal sphincter

A

c. relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter

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11
Q

Which of the following are true regarding the esophagus?

a. carries our absorption
b. composed of skeletal muscle along its entire length
c. produces mucus
d. produces digestive enzymes

A

c. produces mucus

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12
Q

Which vessel would have the lowest blood sugar level?

a. hepatic vein
b. hepatic artery
c. hepatic portal vein

A

b. hepatic artery

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13
Q

Which peritoneal fold connects the stomach and duodenum to the liver?

a. greater omentum
b. mesocolon
c. falciform ligament
d. lesser omentum

A

d. lesser omentum

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14
Q

Which of the following are NOT true regarding the epithelial lining of the mucosa in the intestines?

a. involved in secretion and absorption
b. has a protective function against abraison
c. fast rate of cell renewal
d. contains endocrine and exocrine cells

A

b. has a protective function against abraison

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15
Q

Monosaccharides pass into the apical membrane of the small intestine via all of the following transport mechanisms EXCEPT:

a. secondary active transport
b. facilitated diffusion
c. active transport
d. simple diffusion

A

d. simple diffusion

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16
Q

Who is at greater risk for the development of peritonitis?

a. people known to have achalasia
b. people known to have diverticulitis
c. people who rely on peritoneal dialysis
d. people known to smoke and drink alcohol
e. people known to have had pancreatitis

A

c. people who rely on peritoneal dialysis

17
Q

Which of the following are found between the two layers of the mesentery?

a. serous fluid
b. lymph nodes
c. adipose tissue
d. peritoneum

A

b. lymph nodes

18
Q

The fan-shaped peritoneal fold that contains blood vessels and lymph nodes and anchors the small intestine is the:

a. greater omentum
b. falciform ligament
c. mesentery
d. mesocolon

A

c. mesentery

19
Q

The organs of the abdominal cavity are covered with which membrane?

a. visceral peritoneum
b. parietal peritoneum
c. visceral pleural
d. parietal pleural

A

a. visceral peritoneum

20
Q

What type of epithelial tissue is found in the peritoneum?

a. simple cuboidal
b. simple squamous
c. stratified columnar
d. stratified squamous
e. simple columnar

A

b. simple squamous

21
Q

Which organ is anchored to the anterior abdominal wall by the falciform ligament?

a. liver
b. pancreas
c. small intestine
d. stomach

A

a. liver

22
Q

Which of the following peritoneal folds contain adipose tissue and contribute to large abdomens in obese individuals?

a. falciform ligament
b. mesentery
c. mesocolon
d. lesser omentum

A

b. mesentery

23
Q

Which digestive organ in the abdominal cavity is the only organ that is attached to the anterior abdominal wall?

a. pancreas
b. small intestine
c. stomach
d. liver
e. spleen

A

d. liver

24
Q

Which double sheet of peritoneal fold serves to loosely anchor the large intestine in place while allowing muscular movements for contraction?

a. mesentery
b. greater omentum
c. mesocolon
d. lesser omentum

A

c. mesocolon

25
Q

All of the following organs may be involved in chemical digestion EXCEPT:

a. stomach
b. pancreas
c. esophagus
d. salivary glands

A

c. esophagus

26
Q

Which of the following organs are involved in releasing digestive enzymes?

a. liver
b. small intestine
c. esophagus
d. large intestine

A

b. small intestine

27
Q

Which part of the pharynx functions only in respiration?

a. laryngopharynx
b. nasopharynx
c. epiglottis
d. oropharynx

A

b. nasopharynx

28
Q

Which of the following is an intrinsic muscle of the tongue?

a. hyoglossus
b. styloglossus
c. genioglossus
d. transversus lingua

A

d. transversus lingua

29
Q

Which of the following organs release hormones that regulate digestive activities?

a. large intestine, small intestine, pancreas, gallbladder
b. stomach, small intestine
c. stomach, large intestine, pancreas, liver
d. stomach, small intestine, gallbladder, liver
e. large intestine, liver, pancreas, gallbladder

A

b. stomach, small intestine

30
Q

The small intestine absorbs dietary calcium and phosphorus salts that aid in homeostasis of which body system?

a. skeletal system
b. cardiovascular system
c. reproductive system
d. urinary system

A

a. skeletal system

31
Q

Which of the following are NOT homeostatic functions of the liver in the digestive system?

a. absorption of nutrients
b. converts lactic acid to glucose
c. inactivates some hormones
d. produces angiotensinogen

A

a. absorption of nutrients

32
Q

The fluid-filled space between the two layers of the peritoneum is called the:

a. parietal cavity
b. retroperitoneal cavity
c. visceral cavity
d. pericardial cavity
e. peritoneal cavity

A

e. peritoneal cavity

33
Q

Which of the following are found between the two layers of the mesentery?

a. adipose tissue
b. serous fluid
c. lymph nodes
d. peritoneum

A

c. lymph nodes

34
Q

Each mixing and contraction of the stomach forces how much chyme through the pyloric sphincter (valve)?

a. 10 mL
b. 5 mL
c. 3 mL
d. 1 mL

A

c. 3 mL

35
Q

The stomach is especially adapted to churning and mixing. It contains:

a. thicker layers of muscle in the longitudinal and circular layers of the muscularis
b. 2 layers of oblique muscle in the muscularis
c. 3 layers of muscle in the muscularis
d. an oblique layer of muscle in the mucosa

A

c. 3 layers of muscle in the muscularis

36
Q

Which portion of the stomach is most directly involved with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

a. body
b. cardia
c. fundus
d. pylorus

A

b. cardia

37
Q

Most of the vigorous mixing of gastric juices and food occur in which area of the stomach?

a. fundus
b. cardia
c. pylorus
d. body

A

d. body

38
Q

Which of the following is a function of the lower esophageal sphincter?

a. produces mucus
b. responsible for peristalsis in the esophagus
c. regulates movement of food from the pharynx into the esophagus
d. regulates movement of food into the stomach
e. protects against wear and tear from food particles

A

d. regulates movement of food into the stomach

39
Q

Which of the following is a function of the adventitia?

a. It attaches the esophagus to surrounding structures.
b. It protects against wear and tear from food particles.
c. It is responsible for peristalsis in the esophagus.
d. It regulates movement of food into the stomach.

A

a. It attaches the esophagus to surrounding structures.

BIO235 A&P WileyPLUS (6 decks)

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