Ch. 22 Maternal Complications Flashcards
A serum marker for control of diabetes in insulin-dependent patients
Hemoglobin A1C
GDM is associated with what type of baby in regards to weight
Macosomia
Patients with GDM in pregnancy are at a higher risk of which anomalies?
caudal regression syndrome
Neural tube defects
Cardiovascular malformations
Genitourinary abnormalities
2VC (single umbilical artery)
GI anomalies
Skeletal anomalies
How might PGDM affect the birth weight of an infant
PDGM is associated with IUGR
Macrosomia is defined as a birth weight that is
> 4000 grams or 8.82 pounds, or a birth weight >95th percentile for GA
What is an abnormal BP during pregnancy
> 140/90. either systolic or diastolic can be increased
Another term for CHTN is
essential HTN
GHTN is aka
Pregnancy induced hypertension
Disorder of pregnancy that is characterized by proteinuria and neurological symptoms
Toxemia of pregnancy
Pre-eclampsia clinical findings
HTN
Generalized edema
proteinuria
rapid weight gain secondary to edema
Eclampsia has the same clinical finds of pre-eclampsia with the addition of
convulsions
coma
death
List maternal conditions that are associated with an increased risk of developing Toxemia of pregnancy
Prime
family hx
multiple gestation
vascular disease
HELLP syndrome is a complication of pre-eclampsia that includes
Hemolysis
Elevated
Liver enzymes
Low
Platelets HELLP
The most common significant in utero infections are TORCH infections, what is included in this
Taxoplasmosis
Other (ie, Syphilis)
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes (genital)
What is the most common infection in pregnancy
Cytomegalovirus
Sono finds of infection in a fetus
IUGR
Cranial/cerebral anomalies
visceral calcifications in the brain and LIVER
hydrops
Increased or decreased plac thickness
Cerclages are placed with which procedures
McDonald or Shirodkar procedure
What measurement is considered a short cervix
less than 2.5-3.0 cm prior to 34 weeks
What sign is associated with bulging membranes
“hourglass sign”
What acronym/mnemonic is used to describe the stages or degrees of cervical incompetency
“Trust Your Vaginal Ultrasound”
T or F, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels are naturally much lower in a pregnancy state than in a nonpregnancy state.
T. This is because the increase in plasma volume. OA blood volume increases by 40%
Preterm labor is defined as labor before — weeks
before 37 weeks
List some causes of preterm labor
Previous uterine surgery
uterine anomalies
maternal stress
heavy smoking
multiple gestations
poly
antepartum bleeding (from previa or abruption)
Infections
idiopathic
List the clinical and sono finding of PROM
Clinical - Large pass of watery fluid from vagina
Sono - oligo with a normal fetal bladder
May occur secondary to the large gravid uterus obstructing the ureter (especially the right side) or may also be secondary to urinary calculus
Maternal hydronephrosis
List sono finds of myomas, leiomyomas, fibroids
Hypoechoic solid uterine mass
anechoic center seen with degeneration
may appear as a braxton hicks contraction
Corpus luteum cysts produce — and should prior to — weeks. They may persist and predispose to ov torsion
Progesterone, 16 weeks
These cysts occur with gestational trophoblastic disease and are bilateral, large, multiseptated masses
Theca lutein cysts
Masses found in the pelvis can cause pain and more importantly
Dystocia during delivery
