Ch. 21 Burns Flashcards
1
Q
What vitamin does the skin produce?
A
vitamin D - controls body temperature
2
Q
1st - superficial burn
A
- only epidermal layers are injured
- dry wound
- no blisters
- sensitive to touch
3
Q
2nd - superficial partial-thickness
A
- damage extends to superficial dermal layer
- moist to touch - leaks fluid
- large, thick-walled blisters
4
Q
2nd - deep-partial thickness
A
- damage extends to the deeper layers of the dermis
- hair follicle is spared
- extremely painful because of exposed nerve endings
5
Q
3rd - full-thickness
A
- damage extends to subcutaneous fat
- no spontaneous healing
- small fragile blisters
- severe risk for contractures
6
Q
4th deep full-thickness
A
- damage extends to muscle, tendon, and bone
- can result in partial or total loss of function
- amputations may be warranted
7
Q
What is asphyxia caused by?
A
- carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide
- products released during combustion
- binds to oxygen transport
- causes pulmonary complications
8
Q
Eschar
A
- dead skin tissue associated with burns and other wounds
- common with inhalation injuries
9
Q
Burn shock
A
- cardiac complication
- marked increase in peripheral vascular resistance
- decrease in cardiac output
- more than 20% TBSA
- burn wound edema
10
Q
Fluid resuscitation
A
- Tx for burn shock
- administered with IV
- be wary of providing too much (fluid creep) or too little fluid
11
Q
Debridement
A
- cleansing and removal of non-adherent and nonviable tissue
- decreases sepsis
- painful
12
Q
Allograft
A
- when burned skin is covered by donor skin taken from another person
- hand is grafted first - functional use
- face and ears - may heal on their own
13
Q
Autograft
A
- surgical transplantation of own skin
- immobilize in functional position
- elevate extremities - avoid edema
- ROM should be avoided for 4-6 days
14
Q
Cultured epithelium graft
A
- fragile
- susceptible to infection
15
Q
Compression garments
A
help control hypertrophic scars
