Ch. 21 -- Aerotolerance

Question 1

Molecular oxygen

Answer 1

one growth requirement that varies dramatically among different bacteria

Question 2

Aerobic Cellular Respiration

Answer 2

is the set of the metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.

Question 3

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 3

is a form of respiration using electron acceptors other than oxygen. Although oxygen is not used as the final electron acceptor, the process still uses a respiratory electron transport chain; it is respiration without oxygen.

Question 4

fermentation

Answer 4

a metabolic process whereby electrons released from nutrients are ultimately transferred to molecules obtained from the breakdown of those same nutrients

Question 5

Obligate aerobes

Answer 5

organisms that solely rely on oxygen for cellular respiration – growth only on top of agar

Question 6

facultative anaerobe

Answer 6

organism that can use oxygen for ATP production, but can also grow without it – growth throughout agar

Question 7

obligate anaerobe

Answer 7

organism unable to grow with presence of oxygen – growth only at bottom of agar

Question 8

Aerotolerant anaerobes

Answer 8

bacteria that doesn’t use oxygen to form ATP but can tolerate (grow) in the presence of oxygen – growth below surface of the agar but not on it

Question 9

Microaerophiles

Answer 9

use oxygen for energy production, but only in very low concentrations – growth just below surface

Question 10

gas gangrene

Answer 10

caused by clostridium per fringes; tissue death and swelling causes by gas in the tissues

Question 11

Brain-heart infusion agar (BHI)

Answer 11

medium for fastidious organisms – heated immediately prior to use