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Microbiology Exam 2 > Ch. 20 - Part 3 > Flashcards

Ch. 20 - Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What type of pathogen causes African sleeping sickness?

A

protozoan

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2
Q

African sleeping sickness aka?

A

trypanosomiasis

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3
Q

Which is least and most common African sleeping sicknesses (+%’s). West/East?

A

West - 95%

East - 5%

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4
Q

What is the vector for African sleeping sickness?

A

Tsetse fly

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5
Q

What causes West African sleeping sickness?

A

trypanosoma bruccei gambiense

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6
Q

What causes East African sleeping sickness?

A

trypanosoma bruccei rhodesiense

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7
Q

What are the 3 stages of African sleeping sickness?

A

Site of fly bite b/c lesion
Lymph node swelling and headaches
Invasion of CNS = meningeoencephalitis

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8
Q

What type of pathogen is amebic meningeoencephalopathy?

A

protozoan

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9
Q

Death occurs usually within ____ with amebic meningeoencephalopathy

A

3-7 days

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10
Q

What is the mode of transmission for amebic meningeoencephalopathy?

A

Inhalation of contaminated water

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11
Q

Naegleria fowler aka?

A

“brain-eating amoeba”

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12
Q

What are the two causes of amebic meningeoencephalopathy?

A

acanthamoeba

naegleria fowleri

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13
Q

What type of pathogen is variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease? (vCJD)

A

prion

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14
Q

What causes vCJD?

A

Abnormal strains of prion

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15
Q

Mode of transmission for vCJD?

A

Eating BSE contaminated beef most likely

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16
Q

vCJD is an ______ disease.

A

emerging

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17
Q

vCJD aka?

A

Spongiform encephalopathy

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18
Q

Insomnia, weight loss, memory failure, progressive worsening of muscle control are signs and symptoms of what?

A

vCJD

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19
Q

Trachoma is caused by what?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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20
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis is what type of pathogen?

A

bacteria

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21
Q

What is the leading cause of non-traumatic blindness in humans?

A

trachoma

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22
Q

Mode of transmission for Trachoma?

A

Bacteria from genitals introduced to the eyes in birth canal, or via vomited or fingers

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23
Q

Eyelids turn inward, eyelashes abrade, irritate, and scar the cornea, triggering invasion of blood vessels, eventual result is blindness are signs and symptoms of what?

A

trachoma

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24
Q

Infection of hair follicle on eye causes what?

A

sty

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25
Q

What type of pathogen causes a sty?

A

Bacteria (gram +)

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26
Q

Mode of transmission for a sty?

A

Direct contact/fomites

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27
Q

What is the most likely cause of a sty?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

28
Q

What is another less likely cause of a sty?

A

Staphylococcus epidermis

29
Q

Ophthalmic neonatorum aka?

A

Newborn conjunctivitis

30
Q

Type of pathogen causing newborn conjunctivitis?

A

Bacteria (gram -)

31
Q

What causes ophthalmic neonatorum?

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

32
Q

Mode of transmission for ophthalmic neonatorum?

A

Bacteria from genitals introduced to the eyes in birth canal.

33
Q

Symptoms of ophthalmic neonatorum?

A

Inflammation of the cornea or blindess

34
Q

Conjunctivitis aka?

35
Q

What causes “swimming pool conjunctivitis”?

A

adenovirus

36
Q

Adenovirus is what type of pathogen?

37
Q

What other 3 bacteria (gram +) cause pink eye?

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilus aegyptii

38
Q

Ocular herpes is caused buy what?

39
Q

The latent virus for ocular herpes is in what ganglion? And travels through what nerve?

A

Trigeminal ganglion

Ophthalmic nerve

40
Q

Ocular herpes can lead to what?

41
Q

Which eye condition feels gritty?

42
Q

Acanthamoeba keratitis is what type of pathogen?

43
Q

Best way to prevent acanthamoeba keratitis?

A

NEVER using nonsterile solutions to clean or store contact lenses

44
Q

acanthamoeba keratitis is an _____ disease.

45
Q

Acanthamoeba causes what symptoms?

A

Extreme eye pain, severe redness

46
Q

Loa Loa filariasis is what type of pathogen?

A

Nematode (roundworm)

47
Q

What are the vectors for Loa Loa?

A

deer fly

Mango fly

48
Q

Loa Loa filariasis aka?

A

Subcutaneous filariasis or loaiasis

49
Q

Does loa loa affect vision?

A

Not normally

50
Q

Swelling below skin caused by loa loa is called what?

A

Calabar swellings

51
Q

Onchocerciasis caused by what?

A

onchocerca valvulus

52
Q

Onchocerciasis aka?

A

River blindness

53
Q

River blindness vector is?

54
Q

Long term corneal inflammation; leads to blindness symptoms of what?

A

River blindness/ onchocerciasis

55
Q

If not treated African sleeping sickness is what?

A

100% fatal

56
Q

What should you be careful using b/c of primary amebic meningeoencephalopathy?

57
Q

Is CJD a prison disease?

A

No, only vCJD

58
Q

Which eye condition has pus?

59
Q

What did they used to give babies for ophthalmic neonatorum?

A

Silver nitrate

60
Q

What do they give now to babies for ophthalmic neonatorum?

A

Erythromycin eyedrops

61
Q

Pink eye can be ____ or ____.

A

Bacteria or viral

62
Q

What is the only fungal eye disease?

A

Ocular candidias

63
Q

What causes ocular Candidias?

A

Candida albicans

64
Q

Ocular Candida is either spread via _____ or by _____?

A

Blood stream

Direct inoculation

65
Q

Yeast is in what part of they eye?

66
Q

What is a good prevention for loa loa?

A

antihelminthic prophylaxis effective

67
Q

Onchocerca volvulus (River blindness) is caused by what type of pathogen?

Microbiology Exam 2 (9 decks)

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