Ch. 20 - Part 3 Flashcards by Jennifer Lensraf

What type of pathogen causes African sleeping sickness?

protozoan

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African sleeping sickness aka?

trypanosomiasis

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Which is least and most common African sleeping sicknesses (+%’s). West/East?

West - 95%

East - 5%

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What is the vector for African sleeping sickness?

Tsetse fly

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What causes West African sleeping sickness?

trypanosoma bruccei gambiense

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What causes East African sleeping sickness?

trypanosoma bruccei rhodesiense

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What are the 3 stages of African sleeping sickness?

Site of fly bite b/c lesion
Lymph node swelling and headaches
Invasion of CNS = meningeoencephalitis

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What type of pathogen is amebic meningeoencephalopathy?

protozoan

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Death occurs usually within ____ with amebic meningeoencephalopathy

3-7 days

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What is the mode of transmission for amebic meningeoencephalopathy?

Inhalation of contaminated water

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Naegleria fowler aka?

“brain-eating amoeba”

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What are the two causes of amebic meningeoencephalopathy?

acanthamoeba

naegleria fowleri

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What type of pathogen is variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease? (vCJD)

prion

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What causes vCJD?

Abnormal strains of prion

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Mode of transmission for vCJD?

Eating BSE contaminated beef most likely

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vCJD is an ______ disease.

emerging

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vCJD aka?

Spongiform encephalopathy

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Insomnia, weight loss, memory failure, progressive worsening of muscle control are signs and symptoms of what?

vCJD

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Trachoma is caused by what?

Chlamydia trachomatis

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Chlamydia trachomatis is what type of pathogen?

bacteria

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What is the leading cause of non-traumatic blindness in humans?

trachoma

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Mode of transmission for Trachoma?

Bacteria from genitals introduced to the eyes in birth canal, or via vomited or fingers

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Eyelids turn inward, eyelashes abrade, irritate, and scar the cornea, triggering invasion of blood vessels, eventual result is blindness are signs and symptoms of what?

trachoma

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Infection of hair follicle on eye causes what?

sty

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What type of pathogen causes a sty?

Bacteria (gram +)

Mode of transmission for a sty?

Direct contact/fomites

What is the most likely cause of a sty?

Staphylococcus aureus

What is another less likely cause of a sty?

Staphylococcus epidermis

Ophthalmic neonatorum aka?

Newborn conjunctivitis

Type of pathogen causing newborn conjunctivitis?

Bacteria (gram -)

What causes ophthalmic neonatorum?

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Mode of transmission for ophthalmic neonatorum?

Bacteria from genitals introduced to the eyes in birth canal.

Symptoms of ophthalmic neonatorum?

Inflammation of the cornea or blindess

Conjunctivitis aka?

Pink eye

What causes "swimming pool conjunctivitis"?

adenovirus

Adenovirus is what type of pathogen?

DNA virus

What other 3 bacteria (gram +) cause pink eye?

Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pneumoniae Haemophilus aegyptii

Ocular herpes is caused buy what?

HHV-1

The latent virus for ocular herpes is in what ganglion? And travels through what nerve?

Trigeminal ganglion | Ophthalmic nerve

Ocular herpes can lead to what?

blindness

Which eye condition feels gritty?

Pink eye

Acanthamoeba keratitis is what type of pathogen?

protozoan

Best way to prevent acanthamoeba keratitis?

NEVER using nonsterile solutions to clean or store contact lenses

acanthamoeba keratitis is an _____ disease.

emerging

Acanthamoeba causes what symptoms?

Extreme eye pain, severe redness

Loa Loa filariasis is what type of pathogen?

Nematode (roundworm)

What are the vectors for Loa Loa?

deer fly | Mango fly

Loa Loa filariasis aka?

Subcutaneous filariasis or loaiasis

Does loa loa affect vision?

Not normally

Swelling below skin caused by loa loa is called what?

Calabar swellings

Onchocerciasis caused by what?

onchocerca valvulus

Onchocerciasis aka?

River blindness

River blindness vector is?

Black fly

Long term corneal inflammation; leads to blindness symptoms of what?

River blindness/ onchocerciasis

If not treated African sleeping sickness is what?

100% fatal

What should you be careful using b/c of primary amebic meningeoencephalopathy?

neti pots

Is CJD a prison disease?

No, only vCJD

Which eye condition has pus?

trachoma

What did they used to give babies for ophthalmic neonatorum?

Silver nitrate

What do they give now to babies for ophthalmic neonatorum?

Erythromycin eyedrops

Pink eye can be ____ or ____.

Bacteria or viral

What is the only fungal eye disease?

Ocular candidias

What causes ocular Candidias?

Candida albicans

Ocular Candida is either spread via _____ or by _____?

Blood stream | Direct inoculation

Yeast is in what part of they eye?

INSIDE

What is a good prevention for loa loa?

antihelminthic prophylaxis effective

Onchocerca volvulus (River blindness) is caused by what type of pathogen?

nematode

Ch. 20 - Part 3 Flashcards

(67 cards)