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Microbiology Exam 2 > Ch. 20 - Microbial Diseases of CNS and Eyes Part 2 > Flashcards

Ch. 20 - Microbial Diseases of CNS and Eyes Part 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Leprosy aka?

A

Hansen’s disease

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2
Q

Death from leprosy is ___?

A

rare

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3
Q

Which leprosy is non-progressive and involves loss of sensation of skin?

A

Tuberculoid leprosy

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4
Q

Which leprosy is progressive, gradual loss of facial features, etc. Development is ____ and may take ___?

A

lepromatous leprosy
Very slow
years

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5
Q

Strong immune system = which type of leprosy?

A

Tuberculoid leprosy

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6
Q

Weaker immune system = which type of leprosy?

A

Lepromatous leprosy

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7
Q

What causes leprosy?

A

Mycobacterium leprae

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8
Q

What type of pathogen is mycobacterium leprae?

A

Bacteria (acid-fast)

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9
Q

Botulism is caused by ?

A

Clostridium botulinum

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10
Q

What type of pathogen is clostridium botulinum?

A

Bacteria (gram +)

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11
Q

Botulism causes what type of paralysis?

A

flaccid

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12
Q

Botulism causes death by

A

Asphyxiation - cannot inhale

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13
Q

Contaminated food (esp. Home canned), preserved fish, honey (infants), and endospore entering wounds are modes of transmission for which bacteria?

A

Clostridium botulism

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14
Q

Botulism in babies is called?

A

Floppy baby syndrome

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15
Q

Botulism is what type of threat?

A

Category A bioterrorist threat

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16
Q

What is the most common form of botulism in the US?

A

Infantile botulism

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17
Q

Is botulism extremely potent?

A

YES

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18
Q

Severe muscular contraction; lock jaw, sweating, drooling, grouchiness, constant back spasms are symptoms of what?

A

tetanus

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19
Q

Tetanus aka?

A

lockjaw

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20
Q

Tetanus caused by?

A

Clostridium tetani

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21
Q

Death from tetanus is by?

A

Asphyxiation - cannot exhale

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22
Q

Break in skin, mucus membrane; puncture wounds’ umbilical stump are modes of transmission for what disease?

A

tetanus

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23
Q

Clostridium tetani is what type of pathogen?

A

Bacteria (gram +)

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24
Q

Smiling spasm is called?

A

Rises sardonicus

25
Q

Neonatal tetanus mortality is?

A

> 90%

26
Q

The mortality with neonatal tetanus is caused by what?

A

Infected umbilical stump

27
Q

Viral meningitis aka?

A

Aseptic meningitis

28
Q

What type of pathogen is viral meningitis?

A

RNA virus

29
Q

Which is more common than bacterial, fungal, or viral meningitis?

A

viral

30
Q

Mode of transmission for viral meningitis is?

A

Feces and respiratory droplets

31
Q

What causes viral meningitis?

A

enterovirus genus (90% of cases)

32
Q

What can also cause leprosy that is also strange?

A

Handling or consuming armadillos.

33
Q

What are the three forms of botulism?

A

foodborne, infant, and wound

34
Q

Mode of transmission for infant botulism?

A

Ingestion of endospores - esp. Honey or corn syrup

35
Q

Wound botulism has similar signs and symptoms except:

A

NO GI system involvement

36
Q

What do they administer to treat botulism?

A

antitoxin

37
Q

What is the earliest sign of tetanus?

A

lockjaw

38
Q

Clostridium tetani produces a neurotoxin called?

A

tetanospasmin

39
Q

Tetanus is often associated with what? Is it cause by this?

A

Rust

NO

40
Q

Highest mortality rate are for _______ people and people _____?

A

Unvaccinated

Over 60 years of age

41
Q

What is a passive immunotherapy administered for tetanus?

A

antitoxin

42
Q

What is an active immunization administered for tetanus?

A

Tetanus toxoid

43
Q

Paralytic polio can result in _______. (directly infects nerve cells)

A

bulbar poliomyelitis

44
Q

Who developed the inactivated polio vaccine (IPV)?

A

Jonas Salk

45
Q

Who developed the oral (live) polio vaccine?

A

Albert Sabin

46
Q

Polio remains endemic in only three coutries:

A

Nigeria, Pakistan, and Afghanistan

47
Q

Is there a cure for polio?

A

no

48
Q

Hydrophobia (sensitivity to H2O) is a neurological manifestation of what disease?

A

rabies

49
Q

Negro bodies are a histology for what disease?

A

rabies

50
Q

What is the vaccine for rabies?

A

Human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV)

51
Q

When do arboviruses cause encephalitis?

A

When they cross the blood brain barrier

52
Q

If arbovirus does not cross BBB, what are the symptoms?

A

Mild, coldlike symptoms

53
Q

EEE fatality is ___?

A

30-35%

54
Q

WEE fatality is ___?

A

low

55
Q

West Nile encephalitis virus is a _____ endemic.

A

seasonal

56
Q

People can get Tick-borne encephalitis by Ixodes ticks and what else?

A

Drinking unpasteurized milk

57
Q

Fungal infections of the CNS spread to CNS from where? Via what?

A

Lungs

blood

58
Q

Tick borne encephalitis was primarily studied in what country?

A

Russia

59
Q

Meningitis most severe to least severe.

A

Bacterial, fungal, viral

Microbiology Exam 2 (9 decks)

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