Ch. 19 - Skin and Wounds Part II Flashcards
Necrotizing fasciitis is caused by what?
Streptococcus pyogenes
Major symptoms of necrotizing fasciitis:
Destruction of muscle and fat tissue. (NECROSIS), SPREADS ALONG FASCIA, multiple organ failure
Mode of transmission for necrotizing fasciitis:
Person-to-person,
Enters through breaks in the skin.
Necrotizing fasciitis aka:
“flesh eating bacteria”
What is also key about necrotizing fasciitis?
Emerging disease
Necrotizing fasciitis is treated with antibiotic and often leads to ____?
amputation
Necrotizing fasciitis secretes ____ and ____ that destroy tissues. Involves ____ and failure of many organs.
Enzymes and toxins
toxemia
Necrotizing fasciitis has a _____ fatality
> 50%
Acne is cause by?
propionibacterium acnes
Propionibacterium is what kind of organism?
Bacteria (gram +)
Mode of transmission for acne?
Direct contact
What is the most sever form of acne?
Cystic acne
What is acne?
Infection of the hair follicle, sebaceous glands.
Propionibacteria are ______? Which makes them what?
Normal microbiota
opportunistic
Propionibacteria causes acne in ____ of adolescents and young adults.
85%
Long term tetracycline causes what?
photosensitivity
Mode of transmission for cat scratch disease/fever?
Cat scratches, licks, or bites
What causes cat scratch disease/fever?
bartonella henselae
What type of organism is bartonella henselae?
Bacteria (gram -)
What are symptoms of cat scratch disease/fever?
BUMP OR BLISTER at site of injury, lymphadenopathy.
At papule is a ___?
bump
A pustule is a ____?
blister
lymphadenopathy is what?
Lymph node swelling.
What is the primary virulence factor for bartonella henselae?
endotoxin
2/3 of burn victims develop this.
Pseudomonas infection
pseudomonas infection is cause by what?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What is the mode of infection for pseudomonas infections?
opportunistic
What special thing does pseudomonas infection produce?
pyocyanin
What is pyocyanin?
A blue green pigment that contributes to tissue matter.
What are symptoms of pseudomonas infection?
Fever, chills, and the production of prudent matter in infected wounds.
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is caused by what?
rickettsia ricketsii
Rickettsia ricketsii is what type of organism?
Bacteria (gram -)
Mode of transmission for RMSF?
Hard ticks vector
What is key about RSMF?
Most severe and common Rickettsia illness
What are signs and symptoms for RSMF?
Fever, headache, chills, muscle pain, nausea, vomiting, NON-ITCHY SPOTTED RASH on trunk and appendages, INCLUDING SOLES & PALMS; PETECHIA
Why are pseudomonas infections difficult to treat?
multidrug resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa.
P. aeruginosa is widespread so prevention is _______ but infections typically don’t occur in ______.
Difficult
Healthy individuals.
In RMSF ____ develop non-itchy rash and ___ developed petechiae.
90%
50%
Majority of cases of RSMF occur in _______?
June and July, summer months
Does anyone die with RSMF?
Yes, 5% die even with treatment.
What is crucial in RSMF?
Early diagnosis
Cutaneous anthrax is caused by?
Bacillus anthracis
What type of organism is bacillus anthracis?
Bacteria (gram+)
Mode of transmission for bacillus anthracis?
Direct contact
What is key about cutaneous anthrax?
Category A bioterrorist threat
Signs and symptoms of cutaneous anthrax?
Spreads to form painless, swollen, BLACK, CRUSTY ULCER (ESCHAR); released anthrax into blood, producing toxemia
What is a painless, swollen, black, crusty ulcer called?
eschar
Cutaneous anthrax is fatal in ____ of patients.
20%
Bacillus anthracis can form what?
An endospore
Is there a vaccine available for bacillus anthracis?
yes
What is the removal window for ticks causing RMSF?
24 hour removal window -
24 hrs = increase %
How to remove tick?
Special tool, remove close to head.
