Ch. 20 Flashcards
detect whether a behavior or skill development is at a level that causes concern
screening process
help make diagnosis, identify atypical development, or determine eligibility for services
evaluation process
evaluation instrument that has uniform procedures for administration & scoring i.e. norm- referenced tests
standardized tests
distinguishes b/w individuals or groups on specific dimensions, such as acquisition of developmental milestones
discriminative index
types of assessment
comprehensive strategies & tools; ecological approach, evaluation approach, arena assesment
delineates strengths & needs, develop appropriate intervention plans & strategies, & determine change in individuals
comprehensive strategies and tools
documenting individual’s success in participating in activities & routines across domains & environment
ecological approach
describe an individual’s strengths & needs to help design appropriate individualized therapeutic intervention plans
evaluative approach
- primarily used in early intervention
- simultaneous observation of a child by various disciplines (can be used in adult rehabilitation or geriatric setting)
arena assessment
the emphasis of arena assessment is to
provide team based services & reduce duplication of services
purpose of arena assessment are to
obtain an integrated, holistic view of the client; determine the interrelationship of skills across domains; decrease handling of the individual by multiple professionals; decrease repetitive questioning
two tools used by therapist in standardized testing
norm reference & criterion reference
test given to a large number of people to serve as normative sample
norm reference
developmental milestones is an example of what type of standardized test
norm reference
designed to measure performance on specific tasks
criterion reference
academic tests; TAKS is an example of what type of standardized test
criterion reference
- standard point score 2. evaluates ind. against group 3. poss. related to therapeutic or instructional content 4. normal distribution score 5. max. diff. among people 6. requires diagnostic skills 7. not sensitive to therapy effects 8. not concerned w/ task analysis 8. summative measures proficiency
norm reference
- cut off scores 2. performance against standard 3. content specific 4. variable scores not desired 5. discriminates 6. provides info to plan intervention 6. sensitive to effects of therapy 7. depends on task analysis 8. formative guides improvement
criterion reference
-first tool developed to assess severity & spasticity - rates resistance encountered when passively moving specific muscle groups through ROM - there is a 5 point scaled that is widely used & modified 6 point geared for stroke patients
ashworth scale
reliable & valid measure of development skill in children birth to 24 months
helps determine if developmental delays are present and to assist with early intervention
bayley scales of infant development
consists of observation of the child in a series of tasks that measure physical, motor, sensory & cognitive development
bayley scales
bayley consists of three scales that can be used independently
-mental -motor - behavioral
most widely used in motor proficiency test
bruininks oseretsky test
Ages 4-21 Short form time. wide range of physical activities (walking on balance beam); game like tasks capture students interest, not verbal complex, norms based on US Census Data
bruininks oseretsky test
provides a comprehensive picture of motor development
bruininks oseretsky test
fine motor precision (cutting). fine motor integration (copying). manual dexterity (transferring, stringing). bilateral cordination (tapping, jumping). balance(walking). running speed & agility (one leg hop) . upper limb coordination. strength (sit ups)
bruininks oseretsky test
birth-5 yrs motor development.6 subtests standard scores, pecentile ranks, age equivalents
peabody
6 peabody subtests
reflexes, stationary. locomotion, object manipulation, grasping & visual motor integration
Peabody fine motor scale
consists of tasks that require precise movements of the small muscles of the body, percentile score where child places related to other children. age equivalent (where most children complete these tasks), grasping & visual motor integration
peabody: visual motor infants
tracking, reaching, attaining items, transferring & attaining multiple items
peabody:visual motor 2-6 y.o.
stacking blocks, block design, copying drawing, tracing, coloring, lacing, cutting
pdms-2 grasp infant
grasping holding rattle, cubes, small pellets
pdms-2 grasp 2-6 y.o.
block grasp, manipulation, grasping marker, buttons, serial oppositon
several hours, sensory original design for ages 3-10 later infant toddler and adolesent/adult, compared to normative sample of children
sensory profile
very helpful in identifying sensory processing issues, autistic or children with ADHD
Sensory Profile
sensory processing
low registration, sensation, sensory sensitivity, & sensory avoidance
assesses a person’s degree of independence in a variety of ADLs : self help skills, mobility, communication, social adjustment, problem solving. widely used in rehab settings 13 motor tasks & 5 cognitive tasks
functional independence measure
eating, grooming, bathing, UE LE body dressing, toiletting, showering, social interaction
functional independence measure
sig. changes in providing therapeutic intervention to ind, w/ motor dysfunction
functional independence measure
multiple sources of info & components, emphasizes clients needs, desires, & outcomes
Principles of appropriate assessment
Client’s relationship & interactions w/ his or her most trusted caregiver should form a cornerstone of assessment. follows an individualized sequence & pattern
Principles of appropriate assessment
process should identify client’s current competencies and strengths as well as weaknesses & impairments; process of assessment is first step in an intervention process; client’s status should occur in context of naturally occurring activities & routines
Principles of appropriate assessment
checklist for assessment standards TREATMENT
does assessment identify feasible goals & objectives? does the information assist in the selection or use of therapeutic methods or approaches? does it continue to evaluating intervention effects?
screening tools are designed to provide an initial estimate of cognitive function. score from screen must be validated by further observations of performance
allen cognitive level screen
most common ADLs are analyzed in
routine task inventory
punched leather rectangle, instruction manual, sewing needle, wax linen thread, lacing needle, leather lacing. follow instructions & complete task
allen cognitive level screen kit
flexible & useful measure of occupation that enables OT practitioners to help clients describe their instrumental, social, leisure activities. easily understood 89 photographs(institutional, recovery, community living)
activity card sort
help build routines of meaningful & healthy activities. place cards in rows “not done before” “cont. to do” “do less” “given up” “new”
activity card sort
