ch 20 Flashcards
ecosystem
all living/nonliving in an area
abiotic v biotic
biotic: living
abiotic: nonliving
4 examples of abiotic structures
sunlight climate water soil
weather v climate
weather-current conditions
climate-average weather conditions
most abundant molecule in all living things
water
2 most abundant gases in the atmosphere + their percentages
nitrogen-78%
oxygen-21%
which size of rock particle is smallest?
clay
why is it hard for plants ti grow in clay?
no room for roots of water
what is humus, what is it made of?
decayed remains of once living organisms
what is the largest source of water?
ocean
largest source of fresh water?
glaciers
liquid to gas
evaporation
gas to liquid
condensation
water droplets fall from the atmosphere
precipitation
what powers the water cycle
the sun
name two types of molecules that cannot be formed without nitrogen
dna and protein
nitrogen fixation
bacteria on plant roots capture nitrogen and make into a form plants and animals can use
how do fossil fuels form?
through intense pressure on plants buried deep underground
3 examples of fossil fuels
oil gas coal
name the two main ways carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere
living things breathe it out
combustion
why is carbon called a greenhouse gas?
keeps earth warm
what has happened to the CO2 levels in the atmosphere
increasing
what are producers?
living things that can make their own food, usually through photosynthesis
consumers
living things that must eat to survive
carnivore
meat
omnivore
meat and plants
herbivore
plants
where in the energy pyramid would you find producers
bottom layer
if the lowest level on the pyramid contains 8500 J how much of that energy is available in the 3rd trophic level?
85 J
of only 105 OF THE ENERGY is transferred to an organism in the next trophic level, what happens to the other 90%
becomes heat
what is that type of diagram called?
food web
do arrows point to predator or prey
predators
