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A&P Test 1 > ch. 2 terms > Flashcards

ch. 2 terms Flashcards

1
Q

matter is anything

A

that has mass and takes up space

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2
Q

weight is mass +

A

the effects of gravity

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3
Q

mass is the actual amt of

A

matter in a object (constant)

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4
Q

does weight vary or
remain constant?

A

vary

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5
Q

solid has

A

def volume and shape

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6
Q

liquid has

A

ch shape and def vol

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7
Q

gas has

A

ch shape and vol

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8
Q

energy is the

A

ability to do work

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9
Q

kinetic energy is

A

energy in action

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10
Q

potential energy is

A

stored energy (has the potential)

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11
Q

chemical energy is

A

stored in bonds of chemical substances

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12
Q

cellular respiration releases energy by

A

breaking bonds in food

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13
Q

electrical energy results from

A

movement of ions

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14
Q

mechanical energy is directly involved in (MM)

A

moving matter

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15
Q

electromagnetic energy is

A

visible light

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16
Q

what 4 ELEMENTS make up 96% of the body?

A

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

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17
Q

what are the 4 organic COMPOUNDS?

A

carbs, fats, proteins, nucleic acids

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18
Q

name 3 trace elements (CCC)

A

Chromium, cobalt, copper, fluorine, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, silicone, tin, vanadium, zinc

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19
Q

atom is the smallest

A

unit of matter

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20
Q

chemistry is

A

matter and energy

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21
Q

Atoms>____>_____

A

Atoms>elements>matter

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22
Q

Phosphorus abb.

A

P

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23
Q

equation for neutrons is ____#-____# = neutrons

A

decimal # - whole #

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24
Q

first shell fits how many electrons

A

only 2

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25
Q

2nd shell has how many electrons

A

up to 8

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26
Q

3rd shell has how many electrons

A

8

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27
Q

find the mass # by rounding the

A

atomic mass

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28
Q

molecules are 2+

A

atoms joined together by chemical bonds

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29
Q

compounds are 2+

A

diff atoms joined together

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30
Q

all compounds are

A

molecules, but not all molecules are compounds

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31
Q

protons have __ and electrons have __

A

+, -

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32
Q

what sign do neutrons have

A

none bc theyre neutral

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33
Q

atomic # = # of protons in the

A

nucleus

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34
Q

isotopes of the same element have the same # of protons but

A

diff # of neutrons

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35
Q

mixtures are physically _____ and can be _____

A

intertwined, separated

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36
Q

solutions do not settle and are _____ in solution

A

dissolved

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37
Q

homogeneous means

A

same

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38
Q

heterogeneous means

A

different

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39
Q

a solvent does ___ _________

A

the dissolving (dissolving medium)

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40
Q

a solute ______

A

dissolves

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41
Q

are colloids hetero or homo

A

heterogeneous

42
Q

are suspensions hetero or homo

A

hetero

43
Q

name the 3 types of covalent bonds: I.C.H.

A

ionic, covalent, hydrogen

44
Q

a chemical bond involves the

A

interaction of electrons

45
Q

the outermost shell is the

A

valence shell

46
Q

valence shells have the most ___ energy

A

potential

47
Q

atoms that gain or lose electrons are called

A

ions

48
Q

a cation is an ion that has a ____ charge

A

positive

49
Q

an anion is an ion that has a _____ charge

A

negative

50
Q

cation + anion = _____ bond

A

ionic

51
Q

ionic compounds are _____

A

salts

52
Q

do nonpolar covalent bonds like water

A

no

53
Q

do polar bonds like water

A

yes

54
Q

atoms w greater electron attracting ability are (more is less)

A

electronegative

55
Q

atoms w less electron attracting ability are (less is more)

A

electropositive

56
Q

dehydration synthesis is when you

A

take water out

57
Q

hydrolysis is when you

A

add water in

58
Q

factors influencing rate of chemical reactions (TCPC)

A

Temp, concentration, size, catalyst

59
Q

name the 3 inorganic compounds (WSAB)

A

water, salt, and many acids and bases

60
Q

organic compounds contain ____

A

carbon

61
Q

salts are ionic compounds that ____ into seperate _____ in water

A

dissociate, ions

62
Q

the closest to 0 the

A

more acidic

63
Q

the farther from 0 the

A

less acidic

64
Q

pH of blood is

A

7.35-7.45

65
Q

pH of a dead person is

A

6.8/7.8

66
Q

pH means

A

power of hydrogen ions

67
Q

pH of 7.0 is

A

neutral

68
Q

pH below 7.0 is

A

acidic

69
Q

pH above 7.0 is

A

basic

70
Q

poly means ____ and mono means ____

A

many, one

71
Q

monomers means

A

building blocks

72
Q

monosaccharides are

A

simple sugars

73
Q

glucose is ______ sugar

A

blood

74
Q

fructose is _____ sugar

A

fruit

75
Q

galactose is _____ sugar

A

milk

76
Q

ribose is found in

A

RNA

77
Q

deoxyribose is found in

A

DNA

78
Q

-ose is

A

sugar

79
Q

-ase is

A

enzymes

80
Q

sucrose is ___ sugar

A

table

81
Q

maltose is ____

A

grain

82
Q

lactose is ____

A

milk

83
Q

glycogen is stored in the uterus, vagina, heart, ___, ___, ___.

A

liver, muscles, brain

84
Q

cellulose makes up bulk & ____ in our diets

A

fiber

85
Q

3 jobs of lipids are to insulate, ___, & ___

A

build, provide

86
Q

saturated fats are _____ @ room temp, from ____ and are ___ for us.

A

solid, animals, bad

87
Q

unsaturated fats are ___ @ room temp, from ____ and are ___ for us.

A

liquid, plants, good

88
Q

trans fats are _____ with oil

A

modified

89
Q

what are the fat soluble vitamins

A

A, D, E, K

90
Q

what are the water soluble vitamins

A

B, C

91
Q

proteins are for ___ and repairing

A

building

92
Q

building blocks of protein are ____ acids

A

amino

93
Q

four levels of protein structure are (PSTQ)

A

primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary

94
Q

collogen is the single most abundant

A

protein in the body

95
Q

enzymes are _____ proteins that act as ______ catalysts

A

globular, biological

96
Q

one nucleotide is composed of _____ base, pentose sugar, and _____ group.

A

nitrogen, phosphate

97
Q

DNA is located in the _____, & mitochondria.

A

nucleus

98
Q

name the 4 nitrogen bases:

A

adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T)

99
Q

our bodies have __ chromosomes. ___ from our father and __ from our mothers.

A

46, 23, 23

100
Q

xy = ____, xx =____

A

male, female

A&P Test 1 (5 decks)

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