Ch. 2 Structural Fire Resist. and Bldg Class.

Question 1

What will impact rate of fire growth?

Answer 1

Combustible nature of bldgs structural system

Question 2

Determines likelihood of structural collapse under fire conditions.

Answer 2

Fire resistance

Question 3

Classifications of buildings based on:

Answer 3

• fire resistance

- combustibility

Question 3

Fire resistance is a function of the properties of all materials used, including (5)

Answer 3

Combustibility.
Thermal conductivity.
Chemical composition.
Density.
Dimensions.

Question 4

In the case of ________, ________ and ________, fire resistivity also means the ability to act as a BARRIER to fire.

Answer 4

Walls.
Partitions.
Ceilings

Question 6

In addition to classifying buildings by construction type, building codes classify buildings by:

Answer 6

Their occupancy

Question 6

MOST COMMONLY used method for determine fire resistance ratings is: (aka Most Often)

Answer 6

Laboratory test

other 2: analytical CALCULATIONS and analytical structural fire engineering DESIGN METHODS

Question 7

Fire resistance of structural components can be evaluated ________ and is known as the fire resistance rating. Expressed in _______ and _________.

Answer 7

Quantitatively

Hours and FRACTIONS of hours

Question 8

Standard method of tests of fire endurance of bldg. constr. and materials

Answer 8

NFPA 251 or ASTM E-119
Could be too severe or not severe enough

UL test furnace 14x17 ft. for beams, floor and roof assemblies

Question 9

Time scale for standard fire test: 5 min, 30 min and 1 hr

Answer 9

5 min = 1,000F.
30 min = 1,550F.
1 hr = 1,700F.

Question 10

Structural specimen is tested, test is continued until _______ OR ________________.

Answer 10

Specimen fails.

The specified fire endurance is reached

Question 11

Primary points of failure for (furnace) test: (4)

Answer 11

Failure to support applied load.
Temperature increase on UNEXPOSED side of WALL, FLOOR or ROOF, 250F above ambient.
Passage of heat/flame through assembly to ignite cotton waste.
Excess temperature in steel members.
certain walls/partitions subjected to hose stream

Question 12

In actual situations, may perform satisfactorily for longer or shorter periods of time. Variation due to:

Answer 12

Differences in workmanship AND

Materials encountered in the real world

Question 13

Standard test fire assumes:

Answer 13

ENDLESS fuel supply.

ADEQUATE ventilation.

Question 14

Standard test evaluates the ability of structural assemblies to _______ and to ______.

Answer 14

-carry a structural load.
-act as a fire barrier.
not for smoke, assemblies other than those tested, joints
(Joints UL 2079)

Question 15

Fire testing organizations

Answer 15

Intertek Testing.
Cal Berkeley, Forest Products Lab.
Armstrong cork Co.
National Gypsum Co.

Question 16

ASCE/SFPE 29 is standard for _______.

Answer 16

Calculations of fire resistance (mathematical)

Question 17

Std method for behavior of materials VERTICAL TUBE at 750F

Answer 17

ASTM E136

most common test for determining COMBUSTIBILITY

Question 18

Codes make use of _______ but do not make use of ____.

Answer 18

Numerical designations

Descriptive terms

Question 19

What does Bldg Constr and HOT call type/class III?

Answer 19

BC = EXTERIOR PROTECTED (masonry)
HOT = ordinary (brick and wood joist)

Question 20

Most significant characteristic of bldg construction:

Answer 20

How it behaves under fire conditions

bldgs CLASSIFIED how they behave under fire conditions

Question 21

In NFPA 220, each classification is designated by a ______ code. The first digit refers to _____. The second digit refers to ____. The third digit refers to ____.

Answer 21

3-digit code
First-exterior bearing walls
Second-structural frames, columns and girders (more than 1 floor)
Third-floors
**BFCGF**

Question 22

Type I required fire resistance

• walls, columns and beams =
• floors =
• roof deck/supports =
• interior partitions =

Answer 22

Type I
wcb = 2-4 hrs
floors = 2-3 hrs
roof deck/supports = 1-2 hrs
interior partitions/stairwells/corridors = 1-2 hrs

Question 23

Type I types of construction

Answer 23

I-A = 4.4.2
I-B = 3.3.2

Question 24

2 most common methods of constructing Type I

Answer 24

- reinforced concrete | - protected steel frame

Question 25

2 attributes of concrete that make it fundamentally fire-resistive

Answer 25

Inherently noncombustible material | Good thermal insulating properties

Question 26

Most common characteristic of unprotected, noncombustible construction

Answer 26

Use of unprotected steel

Question 27

Type II with degree of fire resistance referred to:

Answer 27

-protected noncombustible construction

Question 28

2 subclassifications of Type II: Type II-A and II-B:

Answer 28

``` II-A = 1 hr fire resistance for STRUCTURAL components. II-B = unprotected structural STRUCTURAL components. ```

Question 28

Type II- | Point at which unprotected members fail depends on: (3)

Answer 28

- ceiling height - size of members - intensity/duration of fire

Question 29

Type III | Frequently constructed with exterior walls of masonry but can be ________________.

Answer 29

Any noncombustible material with required fire resistance

Question 31

Type III has III-A and III-B

Answer 31

``` III-A = 1 hr fire-resistive for INTERIOR MEMBERS (2.1.1), fire rating for structural components III-B = no fire resistance for INTERIOR MEMBERS (2.0.0), unprotected steel sometime used ```

Question 32

When III-A has to have fire rating, most common are:

Answer 32

- plaster in old | - gypsum board in new

Question 33

Fundamental fire concern with Type III construction is:

Answer 33

Combustible concealed spaces - between floor and ceiling joists - between stud and partition walls * essential that concealed spaces to be firestopped.*

Question 34

2 distinctions between Type III and Type IV

Answer 34

Type IV beams, columns, floors and roofs made of SOLID wood with dimensions GREATER than Type III Concealed spaces are not permitted between structural members in Type IV

Question 35

Primary fire hazard with Type IV

Answer 35

Massive amount of fuel by large structural members | -in addition to building contents

Question 36

Many Type V structures required to have ______ fire resistance for ________. Typically accomplished by_____ or ______.

Answer 36

- 1 hour - structural members - plaster OR fire-rated gypsum board

Question 37

In modern practice, wood frame buildings most often constructed using ___________.

Answer 37

-LIGHT-FRAME construction. | "common currency of small residential and commercial buildings in North America today"

Question 38

______ is the product of the weight of the combustibles multiplied by their heat of combustion. Also used as a measure of potential heat release.

Answer 38

Fire Load = also known as Fuel Load | Expressed in pounds per square foot

Question 39

A fire load does not translate into an equivalent ________.

Answer 39

Structural load

Question 40

Classifying buildings according to ______ facilitates the administration of a code.

Answer 40

Occupancy

Question 41

IBC residential occupancies (4)

Answer 41

R1-transient occupants R2-permanent MORE than 2 units R3-permanent LESS than 2 units (adult/child 5 or fewer for 24 hrs) R4-assisted-living, 5-16 occupants

Question 42

IBC Assembly occupancies (5)

Answer 42

``` A1-fixed seating-theater/concert A2-consuming food/drink A3-worship, recreation, amusement A4-indoor sports A5-outdoor-bleachers, grandstands, stadiums ```

Question 43

IBC/NFPA common classes (ABEMRS)

Answer 43

``` Assembly Business Educational Mercantile Residential Storage *IBC-FHIU and NFPA-DHADRI* ```

Question 44

Mixed occupancies-required separations from ____________ and not all occupancies require separation.

Answer 44

1-3 hours