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BC 3rd > Ch. 2 Structural Fire Resist. and Bldg Class. > Flashcards

Ch. 2 Structural Fire Resist. and Bldg Class. Flashcards

1
Q

What will impact rate of fire growth?

A

Combustible nature of bldgs structural system

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2
Q

Determines likelihood of structural collapse under fire conditions.

A

Fire resistance

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3
Q

Classifications of buildings based on:

A
  • fire resistance

- combustibility

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3
Q

Fire resistance is a function of the properties of all materials used, including (5)

A 
Combustibility.
Thermal conductivity.
Chemical composition.
Density.
Dimensions.
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4
Q

In the case of ________, ________ and ________, fire resistivity also means the ability to act as a BARRIER to fire.

A

Walls.
Partitions.
Ceilings

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6
Q

In addition to classifying buildings by construction type, building codes classify buildings by:

A

Their occupancy

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6
Q

MOST COMMONLY used method for determine fire resistance ratings is: (aka Most Often)

A

Laboratory test

other 2: analytical CALCULATIONS and analytical structural fire engineering DESIGN METHODS

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7
Q

Fire resistance of structural components can be evaluated ________ and is known as the fire resistance rating. Expressed in _______ and _________.

A

Quantitatively

Hours and FRACTIONS of hours

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8
Q

Standard method of tests of fire endurance of bldg. constr. and materials

A

NFPA 251 or ASTM E-119
Could be too severe or not severe enough

UL test furnace 14x17 ft. for beams, floor and roof assemblies

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9
Q

Time scale for standard fire test: 5 min, 30 min and 1 hr

A

5 min = 1,000F.
30 min = 1,550F.
1 hr = 1,700F.

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10
Q

Structural specimen is tested, test is continued until _______ OR ________________.

A

Specimen fails.

The specified fire endurance is reached

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11
Q

Primary points of failure for (furnace) test: (4)

A

Failure to support applied load.
Temperature increase on UNEXPOSED side of WALL, FLOOR or ROOF, 250F above ambient.
Passage of heat/flame through assembly to ignite cotton waste.
Excess temperature in steel members.
certain walls/partitions subjected to hose stream

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12
Q

In actual situations, may perform satisfactorily for longer or shorter periods of time. Variation due to:

A

Differences in workmanship AND

Materials encountered in the real world

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13
Q

Standard test fire assumes:

A

ENDLESS fuel supply.

ADEQUATE ventilation.

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14
Q

Standard test evaluates the ability of structural assemblies to _______ and to ______.

A

-carry a structural load.
-act as a fire barrier.
not for smoke, assemblies other than those tested, joints
(Joints UL 2079)

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15
Q

Fire testing organizations

A

Intertek Testing.
Cal Berkeley, Forest Products Lab.
Armstrong cork Co.
National Gypsum Co.

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16
Q

ASCE/SFPE 29 is standard for _______.

A

Calculations of fire resistance (mathematical)

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17
Q

Std method for behavior of materials VERTICAL TUBE at 750F

A

ASTM E136

most common test for determining COMBUSTIBILITY

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18
Q

Codes make use of _______ but do not make use of ____.

A

Numerical designations

Descriptive terms

19
Q

What does Bldg Constr and HOT call type/class III?

A 
BC = EXTERIOR PROTECTED (masonry)
HOT = ordinary (brick and wood joist)
20
Q

Most significant characteristic of bldg construction:

A

How it behaves under fire conditions

bldgs CLASSIFIED how they behave under fire conditions

21
Q

In NFPA 220, each classification is designated by a ______ code. The first digit refers to _____. The second digit refers to ____. The third digit refers to ____.

A 
3-digit code
First-exterior bearing walls
Second-structural frames, columns and girders (more than 1 floor)
Third-floors
**BFCGF**
22
Q

Type I required fire resistance

  • walls, columns and beams =
  • floors =
  • roof deck/supports =
  • interior partitions =
A 
Type I
wcb = 2-4 hrs
floors = 2-3 hrs
roof deck/supports = 1-2 hrs
interior partitions/stairwells/corridors = 1-2 hrs
23
Q

Type I types of construction

A 
I-A = 4.4.2
I-B = 3.3.2
24
Q

2 most common methods of constructing Type I

A
  • reinforced concrete

- protected steel frame

25
Q

2 attributes of concrete that make it fundamentally fire-resistive

A

Inherently noncombustible material

Good thermal insulating properties

26
Q

Most common characteristic of unprotected, noncombustible construction

A

Use of unprotected steel

27
Q

Type II with degree of fire resistance referred to:

A

-protected noncombustible construction

28
Q

2 subclassifications of Type II: Type II-A and II-B:

A 
II-A = 1 hr fire resistance for STRUCTURAL components.
II-B = unprotected structural STRUCTURAL components.
28
Q

Type II-

Point at which unprotected members fail depends on: (3)

A
  • ceiling height
  • size of members
  • intensity/duration of fire
29
Q

Type III

Frequently constructed with exterior walls of masonry but can be ________________.

A

Any noncombustible material with required fire resistance

31
Q

Type III has III-A and III-B

A 
III-A = 1 hr fire-resistive for INTERIOR MEMBERS (2.1.1), fire rating for structural components
III-B = no fire resistance for INTERIOR MEMBERS (2.0.0), unprotected steel sometime used
32
Q

When III-A has to have fire rating, most common are:

A
  • plaster in old

- gypsum board in new

33
Q

Fundamental fire concern with Type III construction is:

A

Combustible concealed spaces

  • between floor and ceiling joists
  • between stud and partition walls
  • essential that concealed spaces to be firestopped.*
34
Q

2 distinctions between Type III and Type IV

A

Type IV beams, columns, floors and roofs made of SOLID wood with dimensions GREATER than Type III
Concealed spaces are not permitted between structural members in Type IV

35
Q

Primary fire hazard with Type IV

A

Massive amount of fuel by large structural members

-in addition to building contents

36
Q

Many Type V structures required to have ______ fire resistance for ________. Typically accomplished by_____ or ______.

A
  • 1 hour
  • structural members
  • plaster OR fire-rated gypsum board
37
Q

In modern practice, wood frame buildings most often constructed using ___________.

A

-LIGHT-FRAME construction.

“common currency of small residential and commercial buildings in North America today”

38
Q

______ is the product of the weight of the combustibles multiplied by their heat of combustion. Also used as a measure of potential heat release.

A

Fire Load = also known as Fuel Load

Expressed in pounds per square foot

39
Q

A fire load does not translate into an equivalent ________.

A

Structural load

40
Q

Classifying buildings according to ______ facilitates the administration of a code.

A

Occupancy

41
Q

IBC residential occupancies (4)

A

R1-transient occupants
R2-permanent MORE than 2 units
R3-permanent LESS than 2 units (adult/child 5 or fewer for 24 hrs)
R4-assisted-living, 5-16 occupants

42
Q

IBC Assembly occupancies (5)

A 
A1-fixed seating-theater/concert
A2-consuming food/drink
A3-worship, recreation, amusement
A4-indoor sports
A5-outdoor-bleachers, grandstands, stadiums
43
Q

IBC/NFPA common classes (ABEMRS)

A 
Assembly
Business
Educational
Mercantile
Residential
Storage
*IBC-FHIU and NFPA-DHADRI*
44
Q

Mixed occupancies-required separations from ____________ and not all occupancies require separation.

A

1-3 hours

BC 3rd (9 decks)

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