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PSY 130 Child Development > Ch 2 Research Methods > Flashcards

Ch 2 Research Methods Flashcards

1
Q

How many genes does a baby inherit from the mother and father?

A

1/2 of mom, 1/2 of dad

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2
Q

What is heritability?

A

A measure of genetic similarities and differences in a population for a given trait

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3
Q

What are genes?

A

basic meaningful units of DNA segments

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4
Q

What is Genotype?

A

Genetic makeup

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5
Q

What is Phenotype?

A

Genetic Expression, Physical characteristics

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6
Q

What is an Allele?

A

specific form of a gene

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7
Q

What is a dominant gene?

A

Characteristic is expressed

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8
Q

What is a Recessive gene?

A

Characteristic is not expressed

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9
Q

How many chromosomes does humans have?

A

23

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10
Q

What is the cause of Down syndrome?

A

Result of the extra 21st chromosome

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11
Q

Who popularized Natural Selection?

A

Charles Darwin

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12
Q

What is Natural Selection?

A

Genes that are adaptive for one’s specific environmental pressures are more likely to be passed on to future generations

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13
Q

What is Sickle-Cell Anemia?

A

Abnormal shape of red blood cells, which restricts cells’ ability to carry oxygen and makes cells more susceptible to clogging blood vessels and breaking down

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14
Q

What is a Kinship study?

A

similarities and/or differences demonstrate impact of genes and environment

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15
Q

What is a family study?

A

compare relatives living in a household for a single trait

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16
Q

What is an Adoption study?

A

compare children raised apart from their biological parents

17
Q

What is a Twin study?

A

compare twins raised in the same environment, or twins raised in different environments

18
Q

What are Monozygotic twins?

A

single fertilized egg splits, 100% shared genes

19
Q

What are Dizygotic twins?

A

two separate eggs, fertilized at the same time, 50% shared genes

20
Q

What is culture?

A

Material and symbolic tools that accumulate through time, are passed on through social processes, and provide resources for the developing child

21
Q

What is imitation?

A

Observing and coping others’ behaviors

22
Q

What is Explicit instruction?

A

teaching of how to use tools and resources

23
Q

What is Cultural Evolution?

A

shared knowledge and practice, cultural extinction

24
Q

What is the convergence of Biology and Culture?

A

Environmental pressures include culturally specific factos

PSY 130 Child Development (8 decks)

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