Ch 2 Research Methods

Question 1

How many genes does a baby inherit from the mother and father?

Answer 1

1/2 of mom, 1/2 of dad

Question 2

What is heritability?

Answer 2

A measure of genetic similarities and differences in a population for a given trait

Question 3

What are genes?

Answer 3

basic meaningful units of DNA segments

Question 4

What is Genotype?

Answer 4

Genetic makeup

Question 5

What is Phenotype?

Answer 5

Genetic Expression, Physical characteristics

Question 6

What is an Allele?

Answer 6

specific form of a gene

Question 7

What is a dominant gene?

Answer 7

Characteristic is expressed

Question 8

What is a Recessive gene?

Answer 8

Characteristic is not expressed

Question 9

How many chromosomes does humans have?

Answer 9

23

Question 10

What is the cause of Down syndrome?

Answer 10

Result of the extra 21st chromosome

Question 11

Who popularized Natural Selection?

Answer 11

Charles Darwin

Question 12

What is Natural Selection?

Answer 12

Genes that are adaptive for one’s specific environmental pressures are more likely to be passed on to future generations

Question 13

What is Sickle-Cell Anemia?

Answer 13

Abnormal shape of red blood cells, which restricts cells’ ability to carry oxygen and makes cells more susceptible to clogging blood vessels and breaking down

Question 14

What is a Kinship study?

Answer 14

similarities and/or differences demonstrate impact of genes and environment

Question 15

What is a family study?

Answer 15

compare relatives living in a household for a single trait

Question 16

What is an Adoption study?

Answer 16

compare children raised apart from their biological parents

Question 17

What is a Twin study?

Answer 17

compare twins raised in the same environment, or twins raised in different environments

Question 18

What are Monozygotic twins?

Answer 18

single fertilized egg splits, 100% shared genes

Question 19

What are Dizygotic twins?

Answer 19

two separate eggs, fertilized at the same time, 50% shared genes

Question 20

What is culture?

Answer 20

Material and symbolic tools that accumulate through time, are passed on through social processes, and provide resources for the developing child

Question 21

What is imitation?

Answer 21

Observing and coping others’ behaviors

Question 22

What is Explicit instruction?

Answer 22

teaching of how to use tools and resources

Question 23

What is Cultural Evolution?

Answer 23

shared knowledge and practice, cultural extinction

Question 24

What is the convergence of Biology and Culture?

Answer 24

Environmental pressures include culturally specific factos