Ch 2 - Observing Invertebrates (2.1 - 2.6) Flashcards

1
Q

Name the two kingdom divisions we have used in the classification of living things.

A

plant and animal

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2
Q

Which two divisions of the classification system are used to form the scientific name of a plant or animal?

A

genus and species

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3
Q

Which two languages did scientists use for the classification system?

A

Latin and Greek

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4
Q

Why did scientists choose to use Latin and Greek terms for each sicentific name?

A

All the educated people in the world were familiar with Latin and Greek languages when the classification system was developed.

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5
Q

What are the three body regions of an insect?

A

head

thorax

abdomen

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6
Q

How many pairs of legs and wings does an insect have?

A

three pairs of jointed legs

one or more pairs of wings

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7
Q

Give the three uses for an insect’s antennae.

A

feeling

hearing

tasting

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8
Q

What are the two kinds of metamorphosis?

A

complete metamorphosis

incomplete metamorphosis

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9
Q

What stage of complete metamorphosis is the eating and growing stage?

A

larva

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10
Q

What stage of complete metamorphosis is the resting stage (in a chrysalis or cocoon)?

A

pupa

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11
Q

Name three insects that belong to the order Coleoptera (“sheath wings”)

A

Ladybugs, June beetles, fireflies, (Christmas beetles)

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12
Q

Name three insects that belong to the order Hymenoptera (“membrane wings”).

A

ants, bees, wasps

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13
Q

Name three insects that belong to the order Orthoptera (“straight wings”).

A

grasshoppers, crickets, locusts, cockroaches

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14
Q

Name three insects that belong to the order Homoptera (“same wings”).

A

cicada, aphid, tree hopper, leaf hopper

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15
Q

Name two insects that belong to the order Lepidoptera (“scale wings”).

A

butterflies, moths

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16
Q

Name two insects that belong to the order Odonata (“toothed”).

A

dragonflies, damselflies

17
Q

Name three insects that belong to the order Diptera (“two wings”).

A

flies, gnats, mosquitoes

18
Q

Name three insects that belong to the order Hemiptera (“half wings”).

A

bedbugs, squash bugs, stinkbugs, water striders

19
Q

What class do spiders belong to?

20
Q

What are the two body regions of a spider?

A

cephalothorax and abdomen

21
Q

What are the differences between insects and spiders?

A

Insects have:
6 legs
one or two pairs of wings
three body segments (head, thorax, abdomen)
no spinnerets
no book lung (breathes through spiracles)
goes through metamorphosis
feels with antennae

Spiders have:
8 legs
no wings
two body segments (cephalothorax, abdomen)
book lung
spinnerets
does not go through metamorphosis
feels with setae

22
Q

Name three “trap-weaving” spiders.

A

platform spiders, funnel weaver, house spider

23
Q

Name two spiders that “ambush” their prey.

A

Ogre-faced spider, trap-door spider

24
Q

What type of hunting spider is noted for its keen eyesight?

A

jumping spider

25
Name two swimming spiders. Which one lives underwater its whole life?
fishing spider and water spider water spider
26
What two poisonous spiders are mentioned in the text and what are their main identifying marks?
black widow - brightly coloured 'hourglass' on abdomen brown recluse - dark violin-shaped marking on head and six eyes arranged in three pairs
27
What is the largest spider in the world and to what group of spiders does it belong?
the Goliath birdeater tarantulas
28
What arachnid is sometimes called "daddy longlegs"?
harvestman
29
Give three characteristics that distinguish scorpions from spiders.
Scorpions have long bodies, pincers, a tail and breathe entirely through book lungs; they also bear live young instead of laying eggs.
30
Name two types of arachnids that are parasites.
ticks and mites
31
What term describes the organism on which a parasite lives?
host
32
What are the smallest arachnids?
mites
33
What infections can mites cause in animals and people?
mange (animals) and scabies (people)