Ch 2 - Observing Invertebrates (2.1 - 2.6) Flashcards
Name the two kingdom divisions we have used in the classification of living things.
plant and animal
Which two divisions of the classification system are used to form the scientific name of a plant or animal?
genus and species
Which two languages did scientists use for the classification system?
Latin and Greek
Why did scientists choose to use Latin and Greek terms for each sicentific name?
All the educated people in the world were familiar with Latin and Greek languages when the classification system was developed.
What are the three body regions of an insect?
head
thorax
abdomen
How many pairs of legs and wings does an insect have?
three pairs of jointed legs
one or more pairs of wings
Give the three uses for an insect’s antennae.
feeling
hearing
tasting
What are the two kinds of metamorphosis?
complete metamorphosis
incomplete metamorphosis
What stage of complete metamorphosis is the eating and growing stage?
larva
What stage of complete metamorphosis is the resting stage (in a chrysalis or cocoon)?
pupa
Name three insects that belong to the order Coleoptera (“sheath wings”)
Ladybugs, June beetles, fireflies, (Christmas beetles)
Name three insects that belong to the order Hymenoptera (“membrane wings”).
ants, bees, wasps
Name three insects that belong to the order Orthoptera (“straight wings”).
grasshoppers, crickets, locusts, cockroaches
Name three insects that belong to the order Homoptera (“same wings”).
cicada, aphid, tree hopper, leaf hopper
Name two insects that belong to the order Lepidoptera (“scale wings”).
butterflies, moths
Name two insects that belong to the order Odonata (“toothed”).
dragonflies, damselflies
Name three insects that belong to the order Diptera (“two wings”).
flies, gnats, mosquitoes
Name three insects that belong to the order Hemiptera (“half wings”).
bedbugs, squash bugs, stinkbugs, water striders
What class do spiders belong to?
arachnids
What are the two body regions of a spider?
cephalothorax and abdomen
What are the differences between insects and spiders?
Insects have:
6 legs
one or two pairs of wings
three body segments (head, thorax, abdomen)
no spinnerets
no book lung (breathes through spiracles)
goes through metamorphosis
feels with antennae
Spiders have:
8 legs
no wings
two body segments (cephalothorax, abdomen)
book lung
spinnerets
does not go through metamorphosis
feels with setae
Name three “trap-weaving” spiders.
platform spiders, funnel weaver, house spider
Name two spiders that “ambush” their prey.
Ogre-faced spider, trap-door spider
What type of hunting spider is noted for its keen eyesight?
jumping spider
Name two swimming spiders. Which one lives underwater its whole life?
fishing spider and water spider
water spider
What two poisonous spiders are mentioned in the text and what are their main identifying marks?
black widow - brightly coloured ‘hourglass’ on abdomen
brown recluse - dark violin-shaped marking on head and six eyes arranged in three pairs
What is the largest spider in the world and to what group of spiders does it belong?
the Goliath birdeater
tarantulas
What arachnid is sometimes called “daddy longlegs”?
harvestman
Give three characteristics that distinguish scorpions from spiders.
Scorpions have long bodies, pincers, a tail and breathe entirely through book lungs; they also bear live young instead of laying eggs.
Name two types of arachnids that are parasites.
ticks and mites
What term describes the organism on which a parasite lives?
host
What are the smallest arachnids?
mites
What infections can mites cause in animals and people?
mange (animals) and scabies (people)
