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Abeka Science Yr 6 - Observing God's World > Ch 1 - Plentiful Plants (1.5 - 1.8) > Flashcards

Ch 1 - Plentiful Plants (1.5 - 1.8) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a tree?

A

A tree is a tall plant with a single woody stem.

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2
Q

What term describes a tree that lives for only one year?

A

annual

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3
Q

What term describes a tree that lives for only two years?

A

biennial

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4
Q

What term describes a tree that lives for many years?

A

perennial

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5
Q

What are the tallest living trees in the world?

A

California redwoods

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6
Q

Which trees do scientists believe may be the oldest living things on earth?

A

Bristlecone pines

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7
Q

What do we call scientists who study trees?

A

Dendrologists

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8
Q

What is the name of the structure at the tip of a stem that produces new growth?

A

A bud

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9
Q

What is the layer of the tree’s trunk where new growth of bark and wood takes place?

A

The cambium layer

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10
Q

Why is girdling harmful to a tree?

A

It prevents nourishment from reaching the roots, eventually causing the tree to die.

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11
Q

What is made of an inner band of light wood and an outer band of dark wood, and what do these bands tell us about a tree?

A

These are annual growth rings and they tell us how old a tree is.

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12
Q

Identify the tree family

A

birch

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13
Q

Identify the tree family

A

elm

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14
Q

Identify the tree family

A

maple

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15
Q

Identify the tree family

A

oak

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16
Q

Identify the tree family

A

willow

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17
Q

What do we call broadleaf trees that grow in termperate climates and lose their leaves in the autumn?

A

deciduous trees

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18
Q

What is a deciduous tree?

A

A deciduous tree is a tree that loses its leaves in autumn.

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19
Q

What tree group has mainly flower-bearing and seed-producing plants?

A

broadleaf trees

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20
Q

Why do some trees’ leaves change colour in the autumn?

A

A wall of cells blocks the flow of water and minerals into the leaf, and so the leaf stops producing chlorophyll. As the chlorophyll in the leaves deterorates, yellow and orange pigments begin to show through.

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21
Q

What is the process of producing maple syrup and sugar?

A

sugaring

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22
Q

Name the tree disease that is caused by a fungus and is most often spread by beetles that live within the tree’s bark?

A

Dutch Elm disease

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23
Q

Which tree family is cone-bearing?

A

conifers

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24
Q

Name the two different kinds of cones a conifer can produce?

A

pollen cones

seed cones

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25
Q

What is the term for a tree that keeps its leaves all year round?

A

evergreen

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26
Q

What is unique about larches?

A

They are deciduous conifers.

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27
Q

What is the name of the largest living sequoia?

A

General Sherman Tree

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28
Q

What are some differences between broadleaf trees and conifers?

A

Most broadleaf trees have a rounded top or crown; conifers tend to taper to a point.

Broadleaf trees grow outward as much as (sometimes more than) they grow upward; confiers concentrate on growing upward.

Conifers tend to have smaller leaves than broadleaf trees.

Most conifers are evergreen.

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29
Q

What are the three main families of conifer trees?

A

pine family

cypress family

redwood family

30
Q

What kinds of trees belong to the pine family?

A

pines

spruces

firs

Douglas firs

hemlocks

larches

31
Q

What are the only confiers with bundles of needles?

A

pines

32
Q

What type of pine was important because its wood was superior to that of other pines?

A

eastern white pine

33
Q

What is one of the largest pine varieties?

A

ponderosa pine

34
Q

Which pine grows in the hot, dry climate of the southwestern United States?

A

pinyon pine

35
Q

Which type of spruce is often planted in yards as an ornamental tree?

A

the blue spruce

36
Q

What kind of tree is this?

A

spruce

37
Q

What kind of tree is this?

A

pine

38
Q

What kind of tree is this?

A

cedar

39
Q

What kind of tree is this?

A

bald cypress

40
Q

What kind of tree is this?

A

hemlock

41
Q

What kind of tree is this?

A

palm

42
Q

What kind of tree is this?

A

giant sequoia

43
Q

What kind of tree is this?

A

fir

44
Q

What kind of tree is this?

A

redwood

45
Q

What kind of plant does not bear seeds but does have roots and leaves?

A

a fern

46
Q

What do ferns have instead of seeds?

A

spores

47
Q

What is the name for a fern’s roots?

A

rhizoids

48
Q

What do we call the leaves of palm trees and ferns?

A

fronds

49
Q

What type of plant does not have roots or true leaves but grows from a slender thread of connected cells?

A

moss

50
Q

The world’s smallest green plants belong to what group of plants?

A

algae

51
Q

What is the name for a kind of brown alga that is the largest type of alga?

A

kelp

52
Q

What do we call the part of large algae that takes the place of roots and anchors it to the ocean floor?

A

the holdfast

53
Q

Plants of which family do not contact chlorophyll?

A

fungi

54
Q

List five types of fungi.

A

moulds

mildews

mushrooms

yeasts

slime moulds

55
Q

What kind of fungus can grown on wet clothes, shower stalls, and plants?

A

mildew

56
Q

What kind of fungus is used to make penicillin and cheese?

A

moulds

57
Q

What do we call fungi that feed on dead matter?

A

saprophytes

58
Q

What do we call a single-celled fungus that converts sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide? (It’s also used to make bread.)

A

yeast

59
Q

What word means a network of cells strung together in a threadlike structure that makes up the main part of a fungus?

A

mycelium

60
Q

What do we call an organism that attaches itself to another organism for nourishment?

A

a parasite

61
Q

Give the name for the large spore-forming structure of a mushroom.

A

fruiting body

62
Q

What type of plant is actually a combination of fungi and algae?

A

lichen

63
Q

What do we call the tiny white hairlike structures of mould?

A

hyphae

64
Q

What is the most outstanding characteristic of the bristlecone pine?

A

It is believed to be the oldest living thing.

65
Q

What is the most outstanding characteristic of the sugar maple?

A

It is the source for maple syrup.

66
Q

What is the most outstanding characteristic of the American elm?

A

It is a tall tree with a vase-like appearance.

67
Q

What is the most outstanding characteristic of the live oak?

A

It is a broadleaf evergreen. (Most broadleafs are deciduous.)

68
Q

What is the most outstanding feature of the paper birch?

A

It has smooth, white paper-like bark that peels off.

69
Q

What is the most outstanding feature of the Douglas fir?

A

It’s actually a pine tree.

70
Q

What is the most outstanding feature of the cedar tree?

A

Its reddish, aromatic wood repels moths.

Abeka Science Yr 6 - Observing God's World (16 decks)

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