Ch 1 - Plentiful Plants (1.5 - 1.8)

Question 1

What is a tree?

Answer 1

A tree is a tall plant with a single woody stem.

Question 2

What term describes a tree that lives for only one year?

Answer 2

annual

Question 3

What term describes a tree that lives for only two years?

Answer 3

biennial

Question 4

What term describes a tree that lives for many years?

Answer 4

perennial

Question 5

What are the tallest living trees in the world?

Answer 5

California redwoods

Question 6

Which trees do scientists believe may be the oldest living things on earth?

Answer 6

Bristlecone pines

Question 7

What do we call scientists who study trees?

Answer 7

Dendrologists

Question 8

What is the name of the structure at the tip of a stem that produces new growth?

Answer 8

A bud

Question 9

What is the layer of the tree’s trunk where new growth of bark and wood takes place?

Answer 9

The cambium layer

Question 10

Why is girdling harmful to a tree?

Answer 10

It prevents nourishment from reaching the roots, eventually causing the tree to die.

Question 11

What is made of an inner band of light wood and an outer band of dark wood, and what do these bands tell us about a tree?

Answer 11

These are annual growth rings and they tell us how old a tree is.

Question 12

Identify the tree family

Answer 12

birch

Question 13

Identify the tree family

Answer 13

elm

Question 14

Identify the tree family

Answer 14

maple

Question 15

Identify the tree family

Answer 15

oak

Question 16

Identify the tree family

Answer 16

willow

Question 17

What do we call broadleaf trees that grow in termperate climates and lose their leaves in the autumn?

Answer 17

deciduous trees

Question 18

What is a deciduous tree?

Answer 18

A deciduous tree is a tree that loses its leaves in autumn.

Question 19

What tree group has mainly flower-bearing and seed-producing plants?

Answer 19

broadleaf trees

Question 20

Why do some trees’ leaves change colour in the autumn?

Answer 20

A wall of cells blocks the flow of water and minerals into the leaf, and so the leaf stops producing chlorophyll. As the chlorophyll in the leaves deterorates, yellow and orange pigments begin to show through.

Question 21

What is the process of producing maple syrup and sugar?

Answer 21

sugaring

Question 22

Name the tree disease that is caused by a fungus and is most often spread by beetles that live within the tree’s bark?

Answer 22

Dutch Elm disease

Question 23

Which tree family is cone-bearing?

Answer 23

conifers

Question 24

Name the two different kinds of cones a conifer can produce?

Answer 24

pollen cones

seed cones

Question 25

What is the term for a tree that keeps its leaves all year round?

Answer 25

evergreen

Question 26

What is unique about larches?

Answer 26

They are deciduous conifers.

Question 27

What is the name of the largest living sequoia?

Answer 27

General Sherman Tree

Question 28

What are some differences between broadleaf trees and conifers?

Answer 28

Most broadleaf trees have a rounded top or crown; conifers tend to taper to a point. Broadleaf trees grow outward as much as (sometimes more than) they grow upward; confiers concentrate on growing upward. Conifers tend to have smaller leaves than broadleaf trees. Most conifers are evergreen.

Question 29

What are the three main families of conifer trees?

Answer 29

pine family cypress family redwood family

Question 30

What kinds of trees belong to the pine family?

Answer 30

pines spruces firs Douglas firs hemlocks larches

Question 31

What are the only confiers with bundles of needles?

Answer 31

pines

Question 32

What type of pine was important because its wood was superior to that of other pines?

Answer 32

eastern white pine

Question 33

What is one of the largest pine varieties?

Answer 33

ponderosa pine

Question 34

Which pine grows in the hot, dry climate of the southwestern United States?

Answer 34

pinyon pine

Question 35

Which type of spruce is often planted in yards as an ornamental tree?

Answer 35

the blue spruce

Question 36

What kind of tree is this?

Answer 36

spruce

Question 37

What kind of tree is this?

Answer 37

pine

Question 38

What kind of tree is this?

Answer 38

cedar

Question 39

What kind of tree is this?

Answer 39

bald cypress

Question 40

What kind of tree is this?

Answer 40

hemlock

Question 41

What kind of tree is this?

Answer 41

palm

Question 42

What kind of tree is this?

Answer 42

giant sequoia

Question 43

What kind of tree is this?

Answer 43

fir

Question 44

What kind of tree is this?

Answer 44

redwood

Question 45

What kind of plant does not bear seeds but does have roots and leaves?

Answer 45

a fern

Question 46

What do ferns have instead of seeds?

Answer 46

spores

Question 47

What is the name for a fern's roots?

Answer 47

rhizoids

Question 48

What do we call the leaves of palm trees and ferns?

Answer 48

fronds

Question 49

What type of plant does not have roots or true leaves but grows from a slender thread of connected cells?

Answer 49

moss

Question 50

The world's smallest green plants belong to what group of plants?

Answer 50

algae

Question 51

What is the name for a kind of brown alga that is the largest type of alga?

Answer 51

kelp

Question 52

What do we call the part of large algae that takes the place of roots and anchors it to the ocean floor?

Answer 52

the holdfast

Question 53

Plants of which family do not contact chlorophyll?

Answer 53

fungi

Question 54

List five types of fungi.

Answer 54

moulds mildews mushrooms yeasts slime moulds

Question 55

What kind of fungus can grown on wet clothes, shower stalls, and plants?

Answer 55

mildew

Question 56

What kind of fungus is used to make penicillin and cheese?

Answer 56

moulds

Question 57

What do we call fungi that feed on dead matter?

Answer 57

saprophytes

Question 58

What do we call a single-celled fungus that converts sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide? (It's also used to make bread.)

Answer 58

yeast

Question 59

What word means a network of cells strung together in a threadlike structure that makes up the main part of a fungus?

Answer 59

mycelium

Question 60

What do we call an organism that attaches itself to another organism for nourishment?

Answer 60

a parasite

Question 61

Give the name for the large spore-forming structure of a mushroom.

Answer 61

fruiting body

Question 62

What type of plant is actually a combination of fungi and algae?

Answer 62

lichen

Question 63

What do we call the tiny white hairlike structures of mould?

Answer 63

hyphae

Question 64

What is the most outstanding characteristic of the bristlecone pine?

Answer 64

It is believed to be the oldest living thing.

Question 65

What is the most outstanding characteristic of the sugar maple?

Answer 65

It is the source for maple syrup.

Question 66

What is the most outstanding characteristic of the American elm?

Answer 66

It is a tall tree with a vase-like appearance.

Question 67

What is the most outstanding characteristic of the live oak?

Answer 67

It is a broadleaf evergreen. (Most broadleafs are deciduous.)

Question 68

What is the most outstanding feature of the paper birch?

Answer 68

It has smooth, white paper-like bark that peels off.

Question 69

What is the most outstanding feature of the Douglas fir?

Answer 69

It's actually a pine tree.

Question 70

What is the most outstanding feature of the cedar tree?

Answer 70

Its reddish, aromatic wood repels moths.