Ch 2 Lec 3 Flashcards
0
Q
Independent variable
A
The factor that is manipulated or control by the experimenter.
1
Q
What are two types of experimental groups?
A
- Experimental group: this group of people is treated in a particular way, as compared to the control group.
- Control group: this group of people is not treated, not exposed to the treatment or receives a zero-level of the independent variable
2
Q
Dependent variable
A
The factor that is measured by the experimenter and that may be influenced by the independent variable.
3
Q
In experiments, what are people and animal called?
A
people: participants
animal: subjects
4
Q
What are two types of experiments design?
A
- Within-subject experiments
* Between-subject experiments
5
Q
Self-selection
A
when a participant’s inclusion in the experimental group is determined by the participant.
6
Q
Three main research ways?
A
- Correlation
- Descriptive
- Experimental
7
Q
Correlation
A
- Goal: to assess the relationship between two or more variables; measured the strength of association
- Advantages: allows prediction
- Disadvantages: cannot be used to draw inferences about the causal relationships as the bidirectionality problem and the third-variable problem
8
Q
Descriptive
A
- Goal: To create a snapshot of the current state of affairs
- Advantages: provides a relatively complete picture of what is occurring in a given time
- Disadvantages: Does not assess the relationships among variables
9
Q
Experimental
A
- Goal: to assess the impact of one or more experimental manipulations on a dependent variable
- Advantages: allows drawing of conclusions about the causal relationships among variables
- Dis: cannot experimentally manipulate many important variables (confounding effect, and placebo effect)