Ch 2 Lec 3 Flashcards

0
Q

Independent variable

A

The factor that is manipulated or control by the experimenter.

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1
Q

What are two types of experimental groups?

A
  • Experimental group: this group of people is treated in a particular way, as compared to the control group.
  • Control group: this group of people is not treated, not exposed to the treatment or receives a zero-level of the independent variable
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2
Q

Dependent variable

A

The factor that is measured by the experimenter and that may be influenced by the independent variable.

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3
Q

In experiments, what are people and animal called?

A

people: participants
animal: subjects

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4
Q

What are two types of experiments design?

A
  • Within-subject experiments

* Between-subject experiments

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5
Q

Self-selection

A

when a participant’s inclusion in the experimental group is determined by the participant.

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6
Q

Three main research ways?

A
  • Correlation
  • Descriptive
  • Experimental
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7
Q

Correlation

A
  • Goal: to assess the relationship between two or more variables; measured the strength of association
  • Advantages: allows prediction
  • Disadvantages: cannot be used to draw inferences about the causal relationships as the bidirectionality problem and the third-variable problem
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8
Q

Descriptive

A
  • Goal: To create a snapshot of the current state of affairs
  • Advantages: provides a relatively complete picture of what is occurring in a given time
  • Disadvantages: Does not assess the relationships among variables
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9
Q

Experimental

A
  • Goal: to assess the impact of one or more experimental manipulations on a dependent variable
  • Advantages: allows drawing of conclusions about the causal relationships among variables
  • Dis: cannot experimentally manipulate many important variables (confounding effect, and placebo effect)
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