Ch 2 Lec 3

Question 0

Independent variable

Answer 0

The factor that is manipulated or control by the experimenter.

Question 1

What are two types of experimental groups?

Answer 1

• Experimental group: this group of people is treated in a particular way, as compared to the control group.
• Control group: this group of people is not treated, not exposed to the treatment or receives a zero-level of the independent variable

Question 2

Dependent variable

Answer 2

The factor that is measured by the experimenter and that may be influenced by the independent variable.

Question 3

In experiments, what are people and animal called?

Answer 3

people: participants
animal: subjects

Question 4

What are two types of experiments design?

Answer 4

• Within-subject experiments

* Between-subject experiments

Question 5

Self-selection

Answer 5

when a participant’s inclusion in the experimental group is determined by the participant.

Question 6

Three main research ways?

Answer 6

• Correlation
• Descriptive
• Experimental

Question 7

Correlation

Answer 7

• Goal: to assess the relationship between two or more variables; measured the strength of association
• Advantages: allows prediction
• Disadvantages: cannot be used to draw inferences about the causal relationships as the bidirectionality problem and the third-variable problem

Question 8

Descriptive

Answer 8

• Goal: To create a snapshot of the current state of affairs
• Advantages: provides a relatively complete picture of what is occurring in a given time
• Disadvantages: Does not assess the relationships among variables

Question 9

Experimental

Answer 9

• Goal: to assess the impact of one or more experimental manipulations on a dependent variable
• Advantages: allows drawing of conclusions about the causal relationships among variables
• Dis: cannot experimentally manipulate many important variables (confounding effect, and placebo effect)