Ch. 2 Human Body Health And Disease Flashcards
Sagittal plane
A vertical plane that divides the body into UNEQUAL left and right portions
Cephalic
Towards the head
Caudal
Toward lower part of the body
Ventral cavity
Along front of body, containing organs that maintain homeostasis (constant control)
Includes thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic
Inguinal
Relating to the groin
Refers to entire lower ab area
Groin-trunk and thigh crease
Hypochondriac (R&L regions)
Hypo - below
Chondr/i - cartilage
Ac - pertaining to
Below the ribs
Area covered by the lower rib
(Also a person obsessed with health)
Epigastric region
Epi - above
Gastr - stomach
Ic - pertaining to
Region located above the stomach
Peritoneum
Multilayered membrane that protects and hold the organs in place within the abdominal cavity
Parietal-mesentary-visceral
Stem cells
Unspecialized cells able to renew selves for long periods of time by cell division
Transform to be specialized
Adult(somatic) - adult, maintain and repair
Embryonic - baby, these can change
Hemophilia
Group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which blood clotting factor is missing
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Rare genetic disorder in which essential digestive enzyme is missing (to digest protein)
Epithelial tissue
Forms a protective covering for all internal and external surfaces of the body and form glands
Epithelium- forms epidermis and mucous membranes
Endothelium - lines everything (inside)
Adipose tissue
Adip - fat
Ose - pertaining to
Fat, provides protection, support, padding, and insulation
Aplasia
A - without
Plasia - formation
Congenital absence or defective development of an organ tissue
(Hypoplasia - that bc of the deficiency in number of cells)
Anaplasia
Ana - backwards
Plasma - formation
Change in structure or orientation of cells, can cause tumors
Hypertrophy
Hyper - excessive
Trophy - development
Increase in size of cells (not in number) that causes enlargement of a body part
Exocrine
Expo - out of
Crine - secret
Secrete chemical substances into ducts and lead either to other organs on out of the body
Ex. Sweat glands
Endocrine glands
Endo - within
Crine - secrete
Produce hormones. Do not have ducts Secrete into bloodstream to be transported
Adenoma
Aden - gland
Oma - tumor
A BENIGN tumor that arises in or resembles glandular tissue (not life threatening)
Adenocarcinoma
Aden - gland
Carcin - cancerous
Oma - tumor
MALIGNANT tumor that originates in glandular tissue
(Harmful, can spread, potentially life threatening
Etiology
Eti - cause
Ology - study of
The study of the causes of diseases
Epidemiologist
Epi - above
Dem/i - population
Ologist - specialist
Specialist in the study of outbreaks of disease within a population group
Endemic
ONGOING presence of a disease within and population , group, or area (ex. Common cold)
Functional disorder
Produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified (ex panic attack)
