Ch. 2 Human Body Health And Disease

Question 1

Sagittal plane

Answer 1

A vertical plane that divides the body into UNEQUAL left and right portions

Question 2

Cephalic

Answer 2

Towards the head

Question 3

Caudal

Answer 3

Toward lower part of the body

Question 4

Ventral cavity

Answer 4

Along front of body, containing organs that maintain homeostasis (constant control)
Includes thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic

Question 5

Inguinal

Answer 5

Relating to the groin
Refers to entire lower ab area
Groin-trunk and thigh crease

Question 6

Hypochondriac (R&L regions)

Answer 6

Hypo - below
Chondr/i - cartilage
Ac - pertaining to

Below the ribs
Area covered by the lower rib
(Also a person obsessed with health)

Question 7

Epigastric region

Answer 7

Epi - above
Gastr - stomach
Ic - pertaining to

Region located above the stomach

Question 8

Peritoneum

Answer 8

Multilayered membrane that protects and hold the organs in place within the abdominal cavity

Parietal-mesentary-visceral

Question 9

Stem cells

Answer 9

Unspecialized cells able to renew selves for long periods of time by cell division
Transform to be specialized
Adult(somatic) - adult, maintain and repair
Embryonic - baby, these can change

Question 10

Hemophilia

Answer 10

Group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which blood clotting factor is missing

Question 11

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Answer 11

Rare genetic disorder in which essential digestive enzyme is missing (to digest protein)

Question 12

Epithelial tissue

Answer 12

Forms a protective covering for all internal and external surfaces of the body and form glands
Epithelium- forms epidermis and mucous membranes
Endothelium - lines everything (inside)

Question 13

Adipose tissue

Answer 13

Adip - fat
Ose - pertaining to

Fat, provides protection, support, padding, and insulation

Question 14

Aplasia

Answer 14

A - without
Plasia - formation

Congenital absence or defective development of an organ tissue

(Hypoplasia - that bc of the deficiency in number of cells)

Question 15

Anaplasia

Answer 15

Ana - backwards
Plasma - formation

Change in structure or orientation of cells, can cause tumors

Question 16

Hypertrophy

Answer 16

Hyper - excessive
Trophy - development

Increase in size of cells (not in number) that causes enlargement of a body part

Question 17

Exocrine

Answer 17

Expo - out of
Crine - secret

Secrete chemical substances into ducts and lead either to other organs on out of the body
Ex. Sweat glands

Question 18

Endocrine glands

Answer 18

Endo - within
Crine - secrete

Produce hormones. Do not have ducts Secrete into bloodstream to be transported

Question 19

Adenoma

Answer 19

Aden - gland
Oma - tumor

A BENIGN tumor that arises in or resembles glandular tissue (not life threatening)

Question 20

Adenocarcinoma

Answer 20

Aden - gland
Carcin - cancerous
Oma - tumor

MALIGNANT tumor that originates in glandular tissue
(Harmful, can spread, potentially life threatening

Question 21

Etiology

Answer 21

Eti - cause
Ology - study of

The study of the causes of diseases

Question 22

Epidemiologist

Answer 22

Epi - above
Dem/i - population
Ologist - specialist

Specialist in the study of outbreaks of disease within a population group

Question 23

Endemic

Answer 23

ONGOING presence of a disease within and population , group, or area (ex. Common cold)

Question 24

Functional disorder

Answer 24

Produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified (ex panic attack)

Question 25

Iatrogenic illness

Answer 25

Unfavorable response due to prescribed medical treatment

Question 26

Idiopathic illness

Answer 26

Idi/o - peculiar to individual
Path- disease
Ic- pertaining to

An illness without a known cause

Question 27

Infectious disease

Answer 27

An illness caused by living athogenic organisms such as bacteria or viruses

Question 28

Nosocomial infection

Answer 28

A disease acquired in a hospital or clinic setting

Question 29

Organic disorder

Answer 29

Produces symptoms caused by detectable physical changes in the body (ex. Chicken pox - characteristic rash)

Question 30

Congenital disorder

Answer 30

Abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth

Question 31

Anomaly

Answer 31

A deviation from what is considered normal (ex. Extra toe)

Question 32

Atresia

Answer 32

Congenital absence of a normal body opening or the failure of a structure to be tubular
(Ex. Anal atresia - no opening to anus)