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Sports Science > Ch 2 - Excercise Physiology > Flashcards

Ch 2 - Excercise Physiology Flashcards

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1
Q

Atria

A

Receiving chamber

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2
Q

Ventricle

A

Pumping chamber

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3
Q

Arteries

A

These vessels bring oxygenated blood away from the heart and to the rest of the body

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4
Q

Veins

A

These vessels bring deoxygenated blood to the heart to be pumped to the lungs to get oxygen

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5
Q

Capillaries

A

Location of nutrient, gas and waste exchange

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6
Q

Residual Volume (RV)

A

The volume of air still remaining in the lungs after the most forcible expiration possible and amounting usually to 60-100 cubic inches

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7
Q

Pulmonary Ventilation

A

A measure of the rate of ventilation, referring to the total exchange of air between the lungs and the ambient air

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8
Q

Total Lung Capacity (TLC)

A

The amount of gas contained in the lung at the end of a maximal inhalation

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9
Q

Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)

A

The maximal amount of additional air that can be drawn into the lungs by determined effort after normal inspiration

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10
Q

Tidal Volume (TV)

A

The lung volume representing the normal volume of air displaced between normal inspiration and expiration when extra effort is not applied

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11
Q

Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)

A

The additional amount of air that can be expelled from the lungs by determined effort after normal expiration

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12
Q

Nose

A

An area which admits and expels air for respiration in conjunction with the mouth

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13
Q

Bronchi

A

This is a passage or airway in the respiratory tract that conducts air into the lungs

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14
Q

Lungs

A

This is the essential respiration organ in many air-breathing animals

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15
Q

Alveoli

A

This is an anatomical structure that has the form of a hollow cavity. It is found in the lungs, at the terminal end of bronchioles. Here is the sites of gas exchange with blood and oxygen.

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16
Q

Bronchioles

A

In the lungs, there are a left and right branch is the bronchi. Following that is this structure, which divide further into smaller and smaller terminals.

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17
Q

Trachea

A

Also called windpipe, is a tube that connects the pharynx and larynx to the lungs, allowing the passage of air, and so is present in all air-breathing animals with lungs

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18
Q

Mouth

A

This is the opening through which many animals take in food and issue vocal sounds

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19
Q

Pharynx

A

The function of this structure is to filter, warm, and moisten air and conduct it into the lungs. It makes up the part of the throat situated immediately posterior to the mouth and superior to the oesophagus and larynx.

20
Q

Larynx

A

This is commonly called the voice box, and is an organ in the neck of amphibians, reptiles and mammals involved in breathing, sound production and protecting the trachea against food aspiration

21
Q

Heart

A

Center of the whole cardiovascular system muscular organ

22
Q

Name the four chambers of the heart

A

Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle

23
Q

Name of the four valves in the heart

A

Bicuspid, tricuspid, aortic and pulmonary valve

24
Q

Name of the four major blood vessels

A

Vena cava, pulmonary vein, aorta, and pulmonary artery

25
Q

Right atrium

A

Receives blood from the body through the inferior and superior vena cava. And send blood to right ventricle

26
Q

Right ventricle

A

Receives blood from the right atrium and sends it through the pulmonary artery to the lungs

27
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

The artery used to send blood away to the lungs. This is the only artery in the body that has deoxygenated blood in it.

28
Q

Pulmonary veins

A

The veins used to bring the blood back from the lungs to the heart. Only vein in the body that has oxygenated blood in it.

29
Q

Left atrium

A

The atrium that the blood is sent back to, when it is coming back from the lungs. It then sends the blood onto the left ventricle.

30
Q

Left ventricle

A

The strongest chamber in the heart because it sends blood all around the body.

31
Q

Vena cava

A

There is a superior and inferior versions of this blood vessel. This blood Bessel brings blood back from the body into the right atrium.

32
Q

Aorta

A

The blood vessel used to transport blood around the body.

33
Q

Tricuspid valve

A

The valve located between the right atrium and ventricle

34
Q

Bicuspid valve

A

The valve located between the left atrium and ventricle

35
Q

Aortic valve

A

The valve in the aorta

36
Q

Pulmonary valve

A

The valve in the pulmonary artery

37
Q

Cardiac Output

A

=stroke volume x heart rate

38
Q

Stroke Volume

A

The amount of blood pumped out of the heart (left ventricle to the body) during each contraction. Measured in mL/beat.

39
Q

Heart Rate

A

The speed of the heartbeat measured by the number of poundings of the heart per minute (bpm)

40
Q

Untrained individuals

A

SV at rest is 50-70ml/b increasing up to 110-130ml/b during intense activity

41
Q

Elite athletes

A

Resting SV averages 90-110ml/b increasing as much as 150-220ml/b during intense activity

42
Q

Systolic BP

A

The force exerted by blood on arterial walls during ventricular contraction (s = for stress)

43
Q

Diastolic BP

A

The force exerted by blood on arterial walls during ventricular relaxation

44
Q

Systolic blood pressure at rest

A

110-140

45
Q

Diastolic Blood pressure at rest

A

60-90

46
Q

During resistance training (static exercise), the response of the systolic and diastolic BP is…

A

It increases substantially

47
Q

During cardiovascular exercise such as running, swimming and cycling, (dynamic moving exercise), the response of the systolic and diastolic BP is….

A

An increase in systolic BP and no change or slight increase in diastolic BP

Sports Science (4 decks)

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