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Ap1 > Ch 2 chemistry > Flashcards

Ch 2 chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Atom

A

The smallest stable unit of matter

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2
Q

Protons

A

A fundamental subatomic particle having a positive charge

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3
Q

Electron

A

A fundamental subatomic particle having a negative charge

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4
Q

Neutron

A

A fundamental said atomic particle having nor positive nor negative charge

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5
Q

Chemical symbol for oxygen

A

O

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6
Q

Chemical symbol for carbon

A

C

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7
Q

Chemical symbol for hydrogen

A

H

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8
Q

Chemical symbol for nitrogen

A

N

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9
Q

Chemical symbol for calcium

A

Ca

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10
Q

Chemical symbol for phosphorus

A

P

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11
Q

Chemical symbol for potassium

A

K

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12
Q

Chemical symbol for sodium

A

Na

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13
Q

Chemical symbol for chlorine

A

Cl

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14
Q

Chemical symbol for magnesium

A

Mg

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15
Q

Chemical symbol for sulfur

A

S

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16
Q

Chemical symbol for iron

A

Fe

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17
Q

Chemical symbol for iodine

A

I

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18
Q

Cation

A

I am with positive charge

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19
Q

Anion

A

I am with negative charge

20
Q

What is a compound

A

Pure chemical substance made up of Atoms of two or more different elements

21
Q

What is ionic bond

A

Chemical bond created by The electrical attraction between anions and cations

22
Q

What is a covalent bond

A

A chemical bonds between Atoms that involves sharing electrons

23
Q

What is a molecule

A

A chemical structure containing two or more atoms that are bonded together by sharing electrons

24
Q

Types of matter and examples

A

Solid liquid gas

Books water oxygen

25
Q

What is a Reactant

A

Items in reacting substances in chemical reaction

26
Q

What are products

A

The different substances formed from chemical reaction

27
Q

What is metabolism

A

The sum of all bio chemical process underway within the human body at any moment. anabolism and catabolism

28
Q

What is work

A

Movement of an object or a change in physical structure a matter

29
Q

What is energy

A

Capacity to do work; movement or physical change cannot take place without energy

30
Q

What is Kinetic Energy

A

Energy of motion; can be transferred to another update and do work

31
Q

What is Potential energy

A

Stored energy; potential to do work

32
Q

What is decomposition/catabolism reaction

A

Reactions breakdown a molecule into smaller fragments

33
Q

What is synthesis/anabolism reaction

A

Small molecules to large molecules

34
Q

What is activation energy

A

The amount of energy required to start a reaction

35
Q

What are enzymes

A

Pro Tien that catalyzes a specific biochemical reaction

36
Q

What are catalyst

A

Compound that speed up reactions

37
Q

What is the pH scale

A

Scale that indicates hydrogen ion concentration

38
Q

What is ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

A

Hi Energy compound with three phosphates

39
Q

Reading page 27

A

Atoms are basic particles of matter. chemistry is science of the structure of matter. matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. mass is the amount of material in the matter. physical property or gravity weight. Add Tim is this most stable unit of matter. Mass of an atom is determined by the protons and electrons in the nucleus.

40
Q

Reading page 32

A

Atoms- H, 2H
Molecules- H2, H2O
Reactions- 2H+O=H2O
Ions-Na+, Cl-, Ca2+

41
Q

Reading page 35 and 36

A

States of matter
Solid-keep their shape at ordinary temperature and pressure.
Liquid-shape of a liquid is determined by its container they only keep constant volume.
Gas- no constant volume no fixed shape can be compressed and expanded

WATER-can be liquid solid and gas

42
Q

Reading page 36

A

Basic energy concepts. Energy cannot be destroyed only converted one to the other. Potential energy and kinetic energy Are not 100% efficient. Energy is released as heat; cannot be captured or used as work.

43
Q

Reading page 37

A

Catabolism- covalent bond(potential energy) is broken, it releases kinetic energy that can to work.
Anabolism- takes energy to make chemical bond

44
Q

Reading page 38

A

Activation energy-need enzymes
Enzymes- lower activation Energy(help)
Catalyst- accelerate rate or speed up reactions does not affect the end product

45
Q

Page 39 and 40

A

Physiological systems depend on water

  • Solubility
  • Reactivity
  • high heat capacity
  • lubrication
46
Q

Page 41

A

Hydrophilic-molecule that interacts readily with the water molecules
Hydrophobic-molecules that do not readily interact with water molecules

47
Q

Page 42+43

A

PH scale
Neutral 7, hydrogen ions equal hydroxide ions
Acidic below 7, more hydrogen ions
Basic above 7, more hydroxide ions

Ap1 (5 decks)

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