Ch 2- Brooke. *Done*

Question 1

MS Access

Answer 1

a basic database management system (DBMS)

Question 2

Database management systems (DBMS)

Answer 2

provide the capability to integrate HR data and link this data with other data essential to the operations of a business. A set of software applications combined with a database. Turns data into an organizational resource

Question 3

Knowledge

Answer 3

information that has been given meaning. “how”, not what and why

Question 4

Information

Answer 4

interpretation of data

Question 5

Data

Answer 5

lifeblood of an organization. The facts of transactions that occur on a daily basis

Question 6

Database

Answer 6

a permanent, self-descriptive store or interrelated data items that can be process by one ore more business applications

Question 7

Self-descriptive

Answer 7

the database knows about the characteristics of the data

Question 8

Interrelated

Answer 8

there are links between different sets of data in the database

Question 9

Main functions of a DBMS

Answer 9

to create the database; insert, read, update, and delete database data; maintain data integrity; prevent data from being lost by providing backup and recovery capabilities

Question 10

Transaction processing systems

Answer 10

consist of a set or one or more computer programs that serve as a intermediary between the user and the DBMS while providing the functions or tasks that user wants performed

Question 11

File-oriented data structures

Answer 11

Tradition and early DBMS. Performed record-keeping functions that mimicked existing manual procedures. Goal was not on data sharing among different business applications and users.

Question 12

File-oriented data structures shortcomings

Answer 12

data redundancy, poor data control, inadequate data manipulation capabilities, excessive programming effort, no easy way to link information

Question 13

File-oriented data structures strengths

Answer 13

Good at specialized transaction processing

Question 14

Hierarchical and network database systems

Answer 14

Came after file-oriented data structures. Relationships between different records were explicitly maintained. Relationships were created based on where the data were stored.

Question 15

Hierarchical and network database systems shortcomings

Answer 15

Only the very knowledgeable technical staff could effectively interact with the database. Required excessive programming effort and suffered from inadequate data manipulation capabilities if the program was poorly designed.

Question 16

Hierarchical and network database systems strengths

Answer 16

Addressed many problems associated with older DBMS.

Question 17

Relational database

Answer 17

Codd. Retrieval of data from different tables is based on logical relationships built into the table structures

Question 18

Relational database strengths

Answer 18

Make feasible the creation of a query capability that is much more accessible to end users who generally have limited programmed experience. Also allowed for relationships to be easily built among all the entities in the organization

Question 19

Three types of data sharing

Answer 19

between functional units, management levels, and across geographically dispersed locations

Question 20

Enterprise resource planning applications

Answer 20

a set of integrated database applications, or modules, that carry out the most common business functions, including HR, accounts receivable, etc. ERP modules are integrated, primarily through a common set of definitions and a common database

Question 21

Decision support systems

Answer 21

assist senior managers and business professionals in making business decisions. Made up from data warehouses, which represent aggregated data collected from various databases available to a business

Question 22

Two issues when data are shared worldwide

Answer 22

managing the day/time of a transaction, and determining where to store the various components of the business application, DBMS, and database

Question 23

Benefits of a centralized database

Answer 23

allows a company to confine its data to a single location, and therefore more easily control data integrity, updating, backup, query, and control access to the database

Question 24

Entities

Answer 24

things such as employees, jobs, promotional transactions, etc. both physical things such as desks and conceptual things such as bank accounts. made up of attributes

Question 25

Attributes

Answer 25

a characteristic of an entity. like an employee has a name, address, phone number, etc.

Question 26

Relationships among entities….

Answer 26

must be defined. Eg what is the relationship between the employee entity and the department entity- does the employee have to be assigned to a department? more than one?

Question 27

Tables

Answer 27

used to store information about entities. contains rows

Question 28

Rows

Answer 28

aka records. represent an instance of the entity. data about a particular driver

Question 29

Primary key

Answer 29

a unique number as an identifier

Question 30

Foreign key

Answer 30

when a primary key from one table is stored as an attribute of another table

Question 31

Queries

Answer 31

a question that you ask about the data stored in a database

Question 32

Three different kinds of queries

Answer 32

select, action, cross-tab

Question 33

Select query

Answer 33

allows you to ask a question based on one or more tables in a database. most commonly used query

Question 34

Action query

Answer 34

performs an action on the table on which it is based

Question 35

Cross-tab query

Answer 35

performs calculations on the values in a field and displays the results in a datasheet. tabulates data for a set of description attributes, contrasting them or crossing them in a table format

Question 36

Form

Answer 36

an object in a database that you can use to maintain, view, and print records in a database in a more structure manner.

Question 37

Report

Answer 37

a formatted presentation of data from a table, multiple tables, or queries. created as a printout or to be viewed on screen. greatest flexibility for formatting printed output

Question 38

Metrics

Answer 38

measures of organizational performance outcomes that are derived from measures of important individual and organizational outcomes