Ch 2

Question 1

Functions of the skeletal system

Answer 1

hematopoiesis
protection
calcium stores
structure
movement

Question 2

Building blocks of bones

Answer 2

Osteogenic cell
>osteoprogenitor cell
»osteoblast
»>osteocyte

Question 3

Breaking-down-block of bones

Answer 3

(Osteoclast-inducing cytokines
>macrophages)
»osteoclasts

Question 4

Function:

osteoprogenitor cell

Answer 4

cell that turns into osteoblast

Question 5

Function:

osteoblast

Answer 5

matrix-synthesizing cell

Question 6

Function:

osteocyte

Answer 6

mature bone cell that maintains the bone matrix

Question 7

Function:

osteoclast

Answer 7

breaks bone down

Question 8

Why would bone want to be broken down?

Answer 8

• fracture repair
• strengthen when repeatedly stressed
• to release Ca++ for use

Question 9

Extracellular matrix types

Answer 9

mineralized collagen

composite material

Question 10

Features of mineralized collagen

Answer 10

•hydroxyapatite: compression strength/ impact force

Question 11

Features of composite material

Answer 11

•collagen fibers: tensile strength

Question 12

Structure of bone:

cortical

Answer 12

compact, dense formation of osteons

-covers the outside of all bones

Question 13

Structure of bone:

cancellous or trabecular

Answer 13

spongey, formation of small columns

-made to absorb force

Question 14

Types of bones

Answer 14

Long, Short, Flat, Irregular

Question 15

Features of bone:
Epiphysis?

Diaphysis?

Answer 15

Epiphysis: ends of bone

Diaphysis: separate epiphysis

Question 16

Features of bone:
Periosteum?

Medullary cavity?

Answer 16

Periosteum: wrapping of the outside of bone
-connecting site

Medullary cavity: is the central cavity of bone shafts
-red bone marrow and/or yellow bone marrow (adipose tissue) is stored

Question 17

Bone Loss:
Osteoporosis?

Osteopenia?

Answer 17

Osteoporosis:
bones with very low density

Osteopenia:
bones with blow avg density

Question 18

Peak bone mass occurs at what age?

Answer 18

about 30yrs

Question 19

What sex has the more bone loss? Why?

Answer 19

Females experience more bone loss than males.

Menopause, lower peak bone mass..