Ch 18 Methods of Persuasion Flashcards
what are the elements of credibility
- honest
- knowledgeable
- genuinely interested in right thing for audience
ethos
credibility-appeal to ethics
How can you build credibility
- share your qualifications
- strong evidence from reputable sources
- highlight common ground with the audience
- word choice
- respect conflicting options
- practice fluent delivery
how to properly/effectively use evidence in speeches
- good source qualifications
- give new evidence
- provide precise evidence
- look for completing evidence
logos
appeal to logic
Different types of reasoning
- inductive reasoning
- example reasoning
- comparison reasoning
- sign reasoning
- causal reasoning
causal reasoning
one event has caused another
ex. kids more violent from violent video games
sign reasoning
claim that ta fact is true because indirect signs are constant with fact
ex. student have money issues b/c students work long hours
comparison reasoning
argue two instances are similar, and what you know for one will apply to the other
ex. prohibition of alcohol vs. legalizing marijuana
Example Reasoning
present specific instances to support a general claim
ex. good at one instrument good at them all
types of logical fallacies
- hasty generalization
- causal reasoning erros
- bandwagon
- ad hominem (personal attack)
- straw person
- slippery slope
- false dilemma
- appeal to tradition
Appeal to tradition fallacy
argue that an idea or a policy is good simply because people have accepted it for long time
false dilemma fallacy
claim there are only two possible choices to address a problem and one is wrong so must follow other
slippery slope fallacy
argue against a policy because you assume without proof it will lead to second policy that is no desired
hasty generalization fallacy
occurs when speakers bases confusion on limited examples
