Ch 17: Viruses Flashcards

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1
Q

Capsid proteins and nucleic acid molecules are formed into virus particles by ________.

A

spontaneous self-assembly

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2
Q

The worst influenza epidemic of the last and current centuries began in what year?

A

1918

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3
Q

Which of the following is not characteristic of the lysogenic cycle?

A

Death of the host cell

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4
Q

Which researcher is responsible for the leading model of how prions act as transmissible pathogens?

A

Stanley Prusiner

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5
Q

A virus has a base ratio of (A+G)/(U+C) = 1. What type of virus is this?

A

A double-stranded RNA virus

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6
Q

What is a reason that the H5N1 avian flu has not yet become a major human epidemic?

A

It is not transmitted directly from human to human.

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7
Q

A temperate phage is a phage that is capable of __________.

A

replicating by both the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle

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8
Q

Bacteria defend themselves against viral infection with __________.

A

restriction enzymes that chop up foreign DNA

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9
Q

A pandemic differs from an epidemic in what way?

A

A pandemic is a global epidemic.

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10
Q

The reverse transcriptase carried by retroviruses uses what?

A

viral RNA as a template for DNA synthesis

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11
Q

Which of the following typically contributes to the emergence of human viral diseases?

A

All of the listed responses are correct.

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12
Q

The “H” designation in influenza strains, such as H1N1 or H5N1, refers to the virus’s type of __________.

A

hemagglutinin

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13
Q

The largest known viral genomes contain approximately how many genes

A

A couple thousand

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14
Q

Drugs that are effective in treating viral infections interfere with _____?

A

the synthesis of viral nucleic acid

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15
Q

The spacer DNA sequences between the repetitive DNA sequences of prokaryote CRISPRs are __________.

A

bacteriophage DNA

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16
Q

Vertical transmission of a plant virus involves __________.

A

inheritance of an infection from a parent

17
Q

The study of viruses has successfully provided information on all of the following topics except __________.

A

the sexual replicative cycles of viruses

18
Q

Prion-based diseases are most commonly transmitted through __________.

A

food

19
Q

Viral genomes may be any of the following except __________.

A

misfolded infectious proteins

20
Q

Which of the following is a retrovirus?

A

HIV

21
Q

Which of the following viruses has a membranous envelope?

A

H5N1

22
Q

Which of the following serve as bacterial defenses against infection by viruses?

A

All of the listed responses are correct.

23
Q

The unpleasant symptoms of viral infection are caused by viruses bringing about which of the following?

A

All of the listed responses are correct.

24
Q

A provirus is defined as __________.

A

DNA synthesized from a retrovirus that is integrated into the host’s genome

25
Q

An RNA viral genome may be replicated by __________.

A

RNA polymerase coded by viral genes and carried in the viral capsid