Ch 17: Terms

Question 1

Asbestosis

Answer 1

Lung disease due to inhalation of asbestos

Question 2

Aspiration pneumonia

Answer 2

Inflammation of the lungs and bronchial tubes due to aspiration of foreign material into the lung

Question 3

Asthma

Answer 3

Chronic disease that affects the airways that carry air into and out of the lungs

Question 4

Asthmatic Bronchitis

Answer 4

Underlying asthmatic problem in patients in whom asthma has become so persistent that clinically significant chronic airflow obstruction is present despite antiasthmatic therapy.

Question 5

Baritosis

Answer 5

Lung disease due to inhalation of barium

Question 6

Black lung

Answer 6

Lung disease due to inhalation of coal dust

Question 7

Bronchi

Answer 7

The two air tubes that branch off the trachea and deliver air to both lungs

Question 8

Bronchitis

Answer 8

Lower respiratory tract or bronchial tree infection characterized by cough, sputum production, and wheezing

Question 9

Bronchoscopy

Answer 9

Diagnostic endoscopic procedure in which a tube with a tiny camera on the end is inserted through the nose or mouth into the lungs

Question 10

Chronic bronchitis

Answer 10

Condition defined by mucus-producing cough most days of the month, 3 months out of a year for 2 successive years, with no other underlying disease to explain the cough

Question 11

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Answer 11

General term used to describe a lung disease in which the airways become obstructed making it difficult for air to get into and out of the lungs

Question 12

Chronic sinusitis

Answer 12

Occurs when the sinuses become inflamed and swollen

Question 13

Chylothorax

Answer 13

Milky fluid consisting of lymph and fat (chyle) that accumulates in the pleural space

Question 14

Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis

Answer 14

Lung disease due to inhalation of coal dust

Question 15

Community-acquired pneumonia

Answer 15

Broad term used to define pneumonias that are contracted outside of the hospital or nursing home setting

Question 16

Contaminant

Answer 16

A cultured organism that a physician does not believe is responsible for causing a particular infection

Question 17

Diaphragm

Answer 17

Dome-shaped muscles at the bottom of the lungs that assist in the process of breathing and in the exchange of oxygen/carbon dioxide

Question 18

Emphysema

Answer 18

Chronic lung disease of gradual onset that can be attributed to chronic infection and inflammation or irritation from cigarette smoke

Question 19

Empiric

Answer 19

Initiation of treatment prior to making a definite diagnosis

Question 20

Empyema

Answer 20

Pus that accumulates in the pleural space

Question 21

Hemothorax

Answer 21

Blood that accumulates in the pleural space

Question 22

Iatrogenic

Answer 22

Caused by medical treatment

Question 23

Infection

Answer 23

Invasion of the body by organisms that have the potential to cause disease

Question 24

Influenza

Answer 24

Contagious viral infection of the respiratory tract that causes coughing, difficulty breathing, headache, muscle aches, and weakness

Question 25

Lung abscess

Answer 25

Infection that forms in the lung parenchyma

Question 26

Mechanical ventilation

Answer 26

Use of a machine to induce alternating inflation and deflation of the lungs and to regulate the exchange of gasses in the blood

Question 27

Noninvasive ventilation

Answer 27

Ventilation without an invasive artificial airway (endotracheal tube or tracheostomy)

Question 28

Nosocomial pneumonia

Answer 28

Pneumonia that is acquired while the patient is residing in a hospital-type setting

Question 29

Nursing home-acquired pneumonia

Answer 29

Pneumonia that is acquired in a nursing home or extended care facility

Question 30

Pleural effusion

Answer 30

Fluid that accumulates in the pleural space because of trauma or disease

Question 31

Pneumoconioses

Answer 31

Lung disease due to chronic inhalation of inorganic (mineral) dust that are often due to occupational exposure

Question 32

Pneumonia

Answer 32

Infection of the lungs that may be caused by a variety of organisms, including viruses, bacteria, and parasites

Question 33

Pneumothorax

Answer 33

Air in space around the lung

Question 34

Pulmonary edema

Answer 34

Condition in which fluid accumulates in the lungs

Question 35

Respiratory Failure

Answer 35

General term that describes ineffective gas exchange across the lungs by the respiratory system

Question 36

Respiratory System

Answer 36

System that supplies the body with oxygen (O2)

Question 37

Siderosis

Answer 37

Lung disease due to inhalation of iron oxide

Question 38

Sinusitis

Answer 38

A condition in which the linings of one or more sinuses become infected, usually because of viruses or bacteria

Question 39

Spontaneous pneumothorax

Answer 39

Pneumothorax that is not caused by trauma

Question 40

Stannosis

Answer 40

Lung disease due to inhalation of tin particles

Question 41

Thoracentesis

Answer 41

Puncture of the chest wall to remove fluid (pleural effusion) from the space between the lining of the outside of the lungs (pleura) and the wall of the chest

Question 42

Trachea (windpipe)

Answer 42

Body part that is responsible for filtering the air that we breathe

Question 43

Tracheostomy

Answer 43

Procedure in which an artificial opening is made in the front of the windpipe (trachea) through the skin of the neck

Question 44

Tube thoracostomy

Answer 44

Insertion of chest tube(s) to drain blood, fluid, or air and allow full expansion of the lungs.