Ch 17, 23, 24 Classification Of Organisms

Question 1

Greek philosopher who classify organisms into all need to taxa

Answer 1

Aristotle

Question 2

Swedish naturalist who devised a system of grouping organisms into hierarchical categories according to their form and structure

Answer 2

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 3

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species,

Answer 3

Levels of classification

Question 4

The genus name followed by the species identifier

Answer 4

Binomial nomenclature

Question 5

The analysis of the evolutionary or ancestral relationships among Taxa

Answer 5

Phylogenetics

Question 6

A system of phylogenetic analysis that uses shared and derived characters as the only criteria for grouping taxa

Answer 6

Cladistics

Question 7

Kingdom eubacteria, kingdom archaebacteria, kingdom Protista, kingdom Plantae, Kingdom fungi, kingdom Animalia

Answer 7

Six kingdom system

Question 8

Domain bacteria, domain archaea, domain eukarya

Answer 8

Three domain system

Question 9

The science of describing naming and classifying organisms

Answer 9

Taxonomy

Question 10

Its name means ancient bacteria. Lack nucleus and other organelles. Uni cellular. Heterotrophic and autotrophic by chemosynthesis

Answer 10

Archaebacteria

Question 11

Prokaryotic. Lack nucleus and other organelles. Cell wall contains peptidoglycans. Cell membrane contains fatty acids. Unicellular. Heterotrophic and autotrophic by chemosynthesis or photosynthesis

Answer 11

Eubacteria

Question 12

Use photosynthesis to get energy from sunlight and make carbohydrates from water and carbon dioxide in the air. They give off oxygen as a waste product. Offer large amount of food to Marine and freshwater ecosystems

Answer 12

Cyanobacteria

Question 13

Gram-negative, spiral shaped bacteria

Answer 13

Spirochetes

Question 14

The walls of this bacteria are simpler and have more peptidoglycan. They retain the purple die in their cell walls and appear purple

Answer 14

Gram-positive bacteria

Question 15

These make up one of the largest and most diverse groups of bacteria. Many of them live symbiotically with other organisms

Answer 15

Proteobacteria

Question 16

Gram-negative. Live only inside animal cells. Cell walls do not have peptidoglycan

Answer 16

Chlamydia

Question 17

Most of these develop when infectious agents such as bacteria pass from wild animals to humans

Answer 17

Emerging diseases

Question 18

A nonliving particle made of nucleic acid and a protein coat or nucleic acid and a lipid protein coat. Include a capsid and an envelope

Answer 18

Viruses

Question 19

Some RNA viruses are called these. Contain the enzyme reverse transcriptase in addition to RNA

Answer 19

Retrovirus

Question 20

Uses RNA as a template to make DNA which then inserts into the host cells genome

Answer 20

Reverse transcriptase

Question 21

Smallest known particles that are able to replicate. Made up of a short circular single strand of RNA that does not have a capsid

Answer 21

Viroid

Question 22

Infectious protein particles that do not have a genome. They are abnormal forms of a natural brain protein that appear to convert normal brain proteins into prion particles

Answer 22

Prions

Question 23

During this cycle a virus invades a host cell, produces new viruses, and ruptures the host cell when releasing newly formed viruses

Answer 23

Lytic cycle

Question 24

This cycle allows viruses to hide in their host cell for days, months, or years

Answer 24

Lysogenic cycle

Question 25

A Virus whose replication includes the lysogenic cycle

Answer 25

Temperate virus

Question 26

DNA that is integrated into a specific site of the host cells chromosome

Answer 26

Prophage

Question 27

Genes that cause cancer by blocking the normal controls on cell reproduction

Answer 27

Oncogenes

Question 28

Controls cell growth

Answer 28

Proto-oncogene

Question 29

Illnesses caused by new or reappearing infectious agents that typically exist in animal populations

Answer 29

Emerging diseases