Ch. 16 - Emotional, Mood, and Behavioral Disorders Flashcards
To be diagnosed with bipolar disorder, what must happen?
Manic symptoms must persist for at least 1 week
A depressed affect that lasts for a minimum of two weeks and is present for most of the day, every day, or almost everyday in addition to 5 other symptoms
Major depressive disorder
Difficulty sleeping or sleeping too much
Extremely tired; without energy
Abnormal eating patterns
Vague physical symptoms
Obsession with death
Avoidance of psychosocial and interpersonal interactions
Lack of interest in personal appearance or sex
Delusions or hallucinations
Inability to concentrate or make decisions
Feelings of despair, guilt, misery; lack of self-worth
Intense mood changes associated with hormonal changes after giving birth
Postpartum depression
Enhanced release of melatonin due to lower natural light levels
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
Intense mood shifts; unusual behaviors
Psychotic depression
Severe depressive illness generally requires what?
Interpersonal and cognitive-behavioral
Psychodynamic therapies
Focus on the patient’s disturbed personal relationships that both cause and exacerbate the depression
Interpersonal therapies
Helps patients change the negative styles of thought and behavior often associated with their depression
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Focus on resolving the patient’s internal conflicts
Psychodynamic therapies
For patients with serious and life-threatening mood disorders who are unresponsive to pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
Inhibit the reuptake of neurotransmitters (norepinephrine and serotonin) into the presynaptic nerve terminals
TCAs & SNRIs
Inhibit MAO enzyme activity inside the presynaptic nerve terminals
MAOIs
Have an effect of enhanced catecholamine release
MAOIs
Block the reuptake of serotonin into presynaptic nerve terminals
SSRIs
Enzymes that terminate the action of norepinephrine
MAO & COMT
Classes of Antidepressant Drugs
SSRIs
SNRIs and other atypical antidepressants
TCAs
MAOIs
Ex. citalopram (Celexa)
fluoxetine (Prozac)
paroxitine (Paxil)
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI)
Ex. Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
duloxetine (Cymbalta)
venlafaxine (Effexor)
Atypical antidepressants, including serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI)
Ex. amitriptyline (Elavil)
imipramine (Tofranil)
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
Ex. phenelzine (Nardil)
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI)
Characterized by episodes of depression alternating with episodes of mania
Bipolar disorder (manic-depression)
Lack of energy
sleep disturbances
abnormal eating patterns
Feelings of despair
guilt
hopelessness
Depressive symptoms
Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
Decreased need for sleep
Increased talkativeness
Flight of ideas; subjective feeling that thoughts are racing
Distractibility
Increased goal-directed activity
Excessive involvement in pleasurable activities that have high potential for painful consequences
manic symptoms
