Ch 15: Water and Aqueous Systems Flashcards
What two properties of water result from hydrogen bonding?
High surface tension and low vapor pressure.
The structure of what is a regular open framework of water molecules arranged like a honeycomb?
Ice
What is homogeneous?
Evenly mixed, uniform throughout.
What is the substance that is dissolved in?
Solvent
What is the most common and most important solvent?
Water
What is the substance that dissolves?
Solute
Determining the solute and solvent: liquid –> solid
The liquid is always the solent; solid is always the solute.
Determining the solute and solvent: substance in greater quantity is usually the _______.
solvent
As individual solute ions break away from the _______, the __________ and __________ charged ion become surrounded by _______ molecules and the ionic crystal _________.
crystal
negatively and positively
solvent
dissolves
What is a solution?
A homogeneous mixture of particles that are molecular size or smaller.
What is salt and water an example of?
Solution
What are the four types of solutions?
Solid –> liquid
Gas –> liquid
Gas –> gas
Liquid –> liquid
What is the most common type of solution?
Solid –> liquid
What type of solution is salt and water?
Solid –> liquid
What type of solution is carbonated soda?
Gas –> liquid
What type of solution is air?
Gas –> gas
What type of solution is molten metal?
Liquid –> liquid
What is a mixture of metals called?
Alloy
Why are all ionic compounds electrolytes?
They dissociate into ions.
What does dissociate mean?
Broken apart
In writing a formula of a hydrate, what is used to connect the formula of the compound and the number of water molecules per formula unit?
a dot
What is the equation to find the percent water?
Mass of water / mass of hydrate X 100%
How does a suspension differ from a solution?
The particles of a suspension are much larger and do not stay suspended indefinitely.
The particles are visible.
Characteristics of a mixture
The particles settle out.
Characteristics of a mixture
Particles are big enough to be filtered out.
Characteristics of a mixture
What is a mixture that is not a true mixture because of the Tyndall Effect?
Colloid
What is gelatin an example of?
Colloid
Colloids have particles _______ than those in suspensions and ______ than those in solutions.
smaller
larger
Light bounces off particles in the colloid during this:
Tyndall Effect